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- 11.1) AN EXAMPLE OF A DEVICE WITH AN EMBEDDED SYSTEMEmbedded computer systems are built into larger appliances or
devices such as washing machines, dishwashers and
microwaves - 21.1) What is the purpose of the embedded computer system?To monitor and
control various components in the host device. - 31.1) The purpose of a Central Processing Unit?The purpose of a Central Processing Unit (or CPU) is to:
○ processes data and instructions coming from input and storage
devices and
○ control other components within the computer - 41.1) What are the three main elements of Von Neumann design for a CPU?The purpose of a Central Processing Unit (or CPU) is to:
○ processes data and instructions coming from input and storage
devices and
○ control other components within the computer - 51.1) Factors affecting CPU performance?The main factors that affect CPU performance are:
■ the clock speed of the CPU
■ the number of cores the CPU has
■ the amount of cache memory on the CPU
These can be easily remembered as the "three Cs". - 61.2) What is primary storage?Primary storage is the computer's main memory and is used to store
program instructions and data as they are being processed by the CPU. - 71.2) What is secondary storage?Secondary storage is the long-term storage provided by hard disks, solid
state disks, optical media and is used to store data and program instructions
until they are required by the CPU. - 81.2) what is Random Access Memory (RAM)?■ RAM temporarily stores program instructions
and data while they are being processed by the CPU.
■ RAM is volatile, meaning that its contents is lost when it loses power
■ RAM is much faster than secondary storage devices but much more expensive on a per-GB basis. - 91.2) What is Read Only Memory (ROM)?■ Read Only Memory (ROM) permanently stores program instructions and
data but it cannot have new data written to it.
■ ROM is non-volatile, meaning that its contents is retained when it loses
power (i.e. the computer is switched off).
■ ROM is often made from flash memory cannot be altered without being
"re-flashed". This means that it tends to contain small programs that get the
computer up and running, leaving the big stuff to secondary storage.
■ ROM is typically used to store the boot-up sequence or Basic Input
Output System (BIOS) that the CPU executes as soon as it turns on. The
BIOS contains instructions that load the operating system from secondary
storage into RAM for the computer to continue booting up.
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- Flashcards on Untitled, created by Chloe Bassnett on 22/03/2019.
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- Chloe Bassnett
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