Flashcards
1. Introduction - Memory
Cards in this deck (40)
- 1Case study example of living without memoryClive Wearing
Brain damage due to herpes simplex encephalitis 1987 - 2What were Clive Wearing's symptoms- no short term memory
- almost no long term memory
- memory span of few seconds
- only aware of the present - 3What are the two different types of Metaphors for memorySpatial
Pre-scientific - 4Explain memory spatial metaphorsMemory as a space
- 5Explain memory Pre-scientific metaphorsPhilosophy
- 6State 4 memory metaphorsPlato's birdcage
Memories as impressions
Computer metaphor
Cow metaphor - 7Explain Plato's birdcageMemory contains varieties of knowledge and are based on associations
- 8Explain the metaphor memories as impressionsMemories are laid down into a pre-existing medium & stored
- 9Explain the computer metaphor for memoryMemory is modular
Spatial but emphasises processes too - 10Who proposed the cow memory and whenHintzman 1974
- 11Explain the cow metaphor of memoryDigesting information
- 12Pro to memory metaphorsThey capture essential aspects
- 13Con to memory metaphorsDon't take them too literally as they are simplistic
- 14Explain Modular theory of memoryWe use memory for a variety of purposes
It's likely these reflect the working of more than one memory system - 15According to the modular theory of memory what is the human memoryA collection of distinct memory systems
- 16What is Atkinson & Shiffrin's 3 system view1. Sensory memory
2. Short term memory / working memory
3. Long-term memory - 17What is the model the 3 systems view usesMulti-store model
- 18Draw multi-store model
- 19Define Sensory MemoryThe first port of call for information entering
- 205 things the sensory memory picks up on1. Vision (sight)
2. Audition (hearing)
3. Proprioception (touch)
4. Olfacation (smell)
5. Gustation (taste) - 213 aspects of sensory memory1. Modality - specific
2. Short duration
3. Gating function - 22Explain how sensory memory is modal - specificSensory-specific information
- 23Explain how sensory memory has a short duration+/- 1 second then lost unless processed into short term memory
- 24Explain how sensory has a gating functionIt holds information for further processing
- 25What is the gating function related toSelective attention
- 26What does attention & sensory help to maintainperceptual stability through selecting relevant information
- 27What is the name for visual sensory memoryIconic Memory
- 28How long does iconic memory last?+/- 1 second
- 292 key aspects of iconic memory1. Holds a brief representation of a scene even after stimulus has disappeared
2. Maintains visual stability - 30How does iconic memory maintain visual stabilitymaintains...
- eye movements & fixations
- observer & environment movement - 31Who conducted research into iconic memoryGeorge Sperling 1960
- 32Explain method of George SperlingRecall items under brief presentations
Whole report : report as many items as you can
Partial report : report only items from the row intidicated - 33Explain George Sperlings findingsWhole report : subjects reported 50%
Partial report : reported 60%-70% only if cue appeared immediately after the array - 34What happens to information is not attended toit fades away and recall is impaired
- 35What is the name for auditory memoryEchoic memory
- 36How can echoic memory be shown by every-day situationsomeone says a name and you don't immediately hear it
- 37Who conducted a study into echoic memoryTreisman 1964
Dichotic listening - 38Explain Treisman's methodParticipants had to compare 2 messages one played in right ear and one played in left ear
Trail messages had a difference in time delay - 39Explain Treisman's findingsThe longest delay was 2 seconds
- 40What does Treisman's findings showThe time window for echoic memory is 2 seconds
helps keep track of ongoing speech
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- January - 2015 exams (Memory Psychology) Flashcards on 1. Introduction - Memory, created by Alice Betteridge on 30/12/2014.
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- Alice Betteridge
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