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| Question | Answer |
| Who was George Marshall and what did he want? | US Secretary of State George C. Marshall issued a call for a comprehensive program to rebuild Europe after witnessing the destruction of WWII first hand. |
| What 'influenced' his thinking? | Fear of communism spreading to Western Europe. The coldest winter (1946) on record US economic needs - preserving global capitalism |
| What form did this 'aid' take? | $13 billion |
| What did Churchill call the Marshall Plan? | The most 'unselfish act' He thought it was generous of the USA |
| How did the USSR react to Marshall Aid? 1 | Called it - ‘dollar imperialism’. Argued the USA was throwing its economic weight around, using it to gain influence in Europe. It prohibited the Eastern bloc countries under its control from applying for Marshall Aid. |
| How did the USSR react to Marshall Aid? 2 | It set up Cominform – the Communist Information Bureau – an organisation which had as its aim to tighten Soviet control in Eastern Europe, to build heavy industry there and to create a trade network between communist countries. |
| How did the USSR react to Marshall Aid? 3 | It also established Comecon – the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance – to administer its own Molotov Plan of financial aid to keep the Eastern Bloc countries happy. |
| Were the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan linked? | Very much so - they were called 'two halves of the same walnut'. TheTruman Doctrine was the 'idea', & Marshall PLan was the practical assistance. |
| Was the PLan successful? | Economically -Arguably YES: By 1952 Western Europe was at pre war levels of production. Politically - Yes. Closer links forged with Western Europe + Communist parties in France and Italy were weakened + paved the way for NATO |
| What was another name given to the Marshall Plan? | The ERP The European recovery programme |
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