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Flashcards

Computer systems glossary

11paris.d English 50 cards

Cards in this deck (50)

  1. 1WANWide area network - a network which covers a broad area such as a city or country
  2. 2LANLocal area network - a network that
    interconnects computers within a limited area such as a home, school, office etc
  3. 3Output DeviceAn output device is any piece of computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an information processing system
  4. 4Input DeviceIn computing, an input device is a peripheral piece of computer hardware equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or other information appliance.
  5. 5Storage Devicea piece of computer equipment on which information can be stored.
  6. 6SSDa storage device containing non-volatile flash memory, used in place of a hard disk because of its much greater speed.
  7. 7FireWirea standard high-performance serial bus for connecting digital devices together or to a computer.
  8. 8RFIDRFID (radio frequency identification) is a technology that incorporates the use of electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in the radio frequency RF portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an object, animal, or person.
  9. 9GPSThe Global Positioning System GPS is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.
  10. 10USBUniversal Serial Bus (USB) is an industry standard developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and communications protocols used in a bus for connection, communication, and power supply between computers and electronic devices
  11. 11IP Addressa unique string of numbers separated by full stops that identifies each computer using the Internet Protocol to communicate over a network.
  12. 12SD CardAn SD Card (Secure Digital Card) is an ultra small flash memory card designed to provide high-capacity memory in a small size. SD cards are used in many small portable devices such as digital video camcorders, digital cameras, handheld computers, audio players and mobile phones.
  13. 13Security KeyFind your password on your hardware. Some wireless router manufacturers set a default security key or password which may be on the bottom of your router or in the router's documentation.
  14. 14VoIPVOIP is an acronym for Voice Over Internet Protocol, or in more common terms phone service over the Internet. If you have a reasonable quality Internet connection you can get phone service delivered through your Internet connection instead of from your local phone company.
  15. 15CDCompact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format. The format was originally developed to store and play only sound recordings but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM).
  16. 16DVDa type of compact disc able to store large amounts of data, especially high-resolution audiovisual material.
  17. 17Cloud StorageCloud storage is a model of data storage where the digital data is stored in logical pools, the physical storage spans multiple servers (and often locations), and the physical environment is typically owned and managed by a hosting company.
  18. 18Open Source SoftwareOpen source software is software whose source code is available for modification or enhancement by anyone.
  19. 19Proprietary SoftwareProprietary software is software that is owned by an individual or a company (usually the one that developed it). There are almost always major restrictions on its use, and its source code is almost always kept secret.
  20. 20DMSA document management system (DMS) is a system (based on computer programs in the case of the management of digital documents) used to track, manage and store documents.
  21. 21Firewallprotect (a network or system) from unauthorized access with a firewall.
  22. 22SSIDSSID is a case sensitive, 32 alphanumeric character unique identifier attached to the header of packets sent over a wireless local-area network (WLAN) that acts as a password when a mobile device tries to connect to the basic service set (BSS) -- a component of the IEEE 802.11 WLAN architecture
  23. 23WEPWired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a security protocol, specified in the IEEE Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) standard, 802.11b, that is designed to provide a wireless local area network (WLAN) with a level of security and privacy comparable to what is usually expected of a wired LAN.
  24. 24WPAWi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a security standard for users of computers equipped with Wi-Fi wireless connection. It is an improvement on and is expected to replace the original Wi-Fi security standard, Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP).
  25. 25WPA2Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) and Wi-Fi Protected Access II (WPA2) are two security protocols and security certification programs developed by the Wi-Fi Alliance to secure wireless computer networks.
  26. 26AESThe Advanced Encryption Standard or AES is a symmetric block cipher used by the U.S. government to protect classified information and is implemented in software and hardware throughout the world to encrypt sensitive data.
  27. 27Bluetootha standard for the short-range wireless interconnection of mobile phones, computers, and other electronic devices.
  28. 28Bandwidtha range of frequencies within a given band, in particular that used for transmitting a signal.
  29. 29Wi-Fia facility allowing computers, smartphones, or other devices to connect to the Internet or communicate with one another wirelessly within a particular area.
  30. 30Routera power tool with a shaped cutter, used in carpentry for making grooves for joints, decorative mouldings, etc.
  31. 31Modema combined device for modulation and demodulation, for example, between the digital data of a computer and the analogue signal of a telephone line.
  32. 32Remote WorkingThere are a variety of terms to describe the process of working from a location other than the traditional office. Common terms are telecommuting, home, remote, mobile, virtual, or cloud working. The frequency with which remote work is being done may also affect the “definition” of the activity.
  33. 33Optical StorageOptical storage is the storage of data on an optically readable medium. Data is recorded by making marks in a pattern that can be read back with the aid of light, usually a beam of laser light precisely focused on a spinning disc. An older example, that does not require the use of computers, is microform.
  34. 34Magnetic StorageMagnetic storage (or magnetic recording) is the storage of data on a magnetized medium. Magnetic storage uses different patterns of magnetization in a magnetizable material to store data and is a form of non-volatile memory.
  35. 35CCTVCCTV (closed-circuit television) is a TV system in which signals are not publicly distributed but are monitored, primarily for surveillance and security purposes. CCTV relies on strategic placement of cameras, and observation of the camera's input on monitors somewhere.
  36. 36Key Loggera computer program that records every keystroke made by a computer user, especially in order to gain fraudulent access to passwords and other confidential information.
  37. 37Etherneta system for connecting a number of computer systems to form a local area network, with protocols to control the passing of information and to avoid simultaneous transmission by two or more systems.
  38. 38User IDA User ID is the code used by a User to identify himself when he logs into a system and starts a Login Session. It is used by the system to uniquely identitfy this User. A User ID is one-half of a set of Credentials.
  39. 39DoSThe term DOS can refer to any operating system, but it is most often used as a shorthand for MS-DOS (Microsoft disk operating system). Originally developed by Microsoft for IBM, MS-DOS was the standard operating system for IBM-compatible personal computers.
  40. 40Data Capture FormData capture forms often use boxes or a set amount of spaces and occasionally provide examples too. This is to make sure each field is completed correctly.
  41. 41EncryptionEncryption is the most effective way to achieve data security. To read an encrypted file, you must have access to a secret key or password that enables you to decrypt it. Unencrypted data is called plain text ; encrypted data is referred to as cipher text.
  42. 42GUIIn computing, a graphical user interface (GUI, sometimes pronounced "gooey" or "gee-you-eye") is a type of interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indicators such as secondary notation, as opposed to text-based interfaces, typed command ...
  43. 43Foruma meeting or medium where ideas and views on a particular issue can be exchanged.
  44. 44Phishingthe fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to be from reputable companies in order to induce individuals to reveal personal information, such as passwords and credit card numbers, online.
  45. 45Radio Buttons(in a graphical display) an icon representing one of a set of options, only one of which can be selected at any time.
  46. 46Passworda string of characters that allows access to a computer, interface, or system.
  47. 47Data UserA data user is someone who controls the collection, holding, processing, or the use of the data
  48. 48Information CommissionerThe role of Information Commissioner differs from nation to nation. Most commonly it is a title given to a government regulator in the fields of freedom of information and the protection of personal data in the widest sense. The office often functions as a specialist ombudsman service.
  49. 49Peer To Peer File TransferPeer-to-peer file sharing is the distribution and sharing of digital media using peer-to-peer (P2P) networking technology.
  50. 50NFCNear field communication (NFC) is a set of ideas and technology that enables smartphones and other devices to establish radio communication with each other by touching them together or bringing them into proximity, typically a distance of 10 cm (3.9 in) or less.

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Flashcards on Computer systems glossary, created by 11paris.d on 12/02/2015.
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