Flashcards
Building Structures
Cards in this deck (43)
- 1Aluminuma lightweight chemical element (Al); the most abundant metallic element in the Earth's crust
- 2Bedrockthe solid rock layer beneath sand or silt
- 3Bendto curve; bending occurs when a straight material becomes curved; one side squeezes together in compression, and the other side stretches apart in tension
- 4Brittlecharacteristic of a material that fails without warning; brittle materials do not stretch or shorten before failing
- 5Cast Irona brittle alloy with high carbon content; iron that has been melted, then poured into a form and cooled; can be made into any shape desired
- 6Civil Engineeran engineer who plans, designs, and supervises the construction of facilities essential to modern life
- 7Compressiona pressing force that squeezes a material together
- 8Architecta person who designs all kinds of structures; must also have the ability to conceptualize and communicate ideas effectively -- both in words and on paper -- to clients, engineers, government officials, and construction crews
- 9Beama rigid, usually horizontal, structural element
- 10Brace(n.) a structural support; (v.) to strengthen and stiffen a structure to resist loads
- 11Buckleto bend under compression
- 12Cementa binding material, or glue, that helps concrete harde
- 13Columna vertical, structural element, strong in compression
- 14Concretea mixture of water, sand, small stones, and a gray powder called cement
- 15Corecentral region of a skyscraper; usually houses elevator and stairwell
- 16Construction Managera person who coordinates the entire construction process -- from initial planning and foundation work through the structure's completion
- 17Deformto change shape
- 18Forceany action that tends to maintain or alter the position of a structure
- 19Irona chemical element (Fe); one of the cheapest and most used metals
- 20Jointa device connecting two or more adjacent parts of a structure; a roller joint allows adjacent parts to move controllably past one another; a rigid joint prevents adjacent parts from moving or rotating past one another
- 21Loadweight distribution throughout a structure; loads caused by wind, earthquakes, and gravity, for example, affect how weight is distributed throughout a structure
- 22Masonrya building material such as stone, clay, brick, or concrete
- 23Pilea long, round pole of wood, concrete, or steel driven into the soil by pile drivers
- 24Pressurea force applied or distributed over an area
- 25Reinforced Concreteconcrete with steel bars or mesh embedded in it for increased strength in tension; in pre-tensioned concrete, the embedded steel bars or cables are stretched into tension before the concrete hardens; in post-tensioned concrete, the embedded steel bars or cables are stretched into tension after the concrete hardens
- 26Rigid(adj.) ability to resist deformation when subjected to a load; rigidity (n.) the measure of a structure's ability not to change shape when subjected to a load
- 27Rock Tunnela passage constructed through solid rock
- 28Shear-Wallssolid concrete walls that resist shear forces; often used in buildings constructed in earthquake zones
- 29Siltsediment particles ranging from 0.004 to 0.06 mm (0.00016 to 0.0024 inch) in diameter
- 30Soft-Ground Tunnelsa passage constructed through loose, unstable, or wet ground, requiring supports to keep the walls from collapsing
- 31Spirean architectural or decorative feature of a skyscraper; the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat includes spires but not antennae when calculating the official height of a skyscraper
- 32Stable(adj.) ability to resist collapse and deformation; stability (n.) characteristic of a structure that is able to carry a realistic load without collapsing or deforming significantly
- 33Steelan alloy of iron and carbon that is hard, strong, and malleable
- 34Stiff(adj.) ability to resist deformation; stiffness (n.) the measure of a structure's capacity to resist deformation
- 35Storyfloor of a skyscraper
- 36Strong(adj.) ability to carry a realistic load; strength (n.) the measure of a structure's ability to carry a realistic load
- 37Structural Engineeran engineer who investigates the behavior and design of all kinds of structures, including dams, domes, tunnels, bridges, and skyscrapers, to make sure they are safe and sound for human use
- 38Tensiona stretching force that pulls on a material
- 39Tension Ringa support ring that resists the outward force pushing against the lower sides of a dome
- 40Trussa rigid frame composed of short, straight pieces joined to form a series of triangles or other stable shapes
- 41Tuned Mass Dampera mechanical counterweight designed to reduce the effects of motion, such as the swaying of a skyscraper in the wind or in an earthquake
- 42Wooda common natural material strong in both compression and tension
- 43Wrought Ironan iron alloy that is less brittle than cast iron
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- High School Diploma Science (Engineering Design) Flashcards on Building Structures, created by Niat L on 11/09/2013.
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- Niat L
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