Flashcards
ANS
Cards in this deck (72)
- 1Works on processes that are perceived or consciously controlledSomatic nervous system
- 2Motor system regulating processes below the conscious level to maintain homeostasisAutonomic Nervous System
- 3SNS innervates:Skeletal muscle fibers
- 4ANS innervates:smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands
- 5One motor neuron axon extending from the spinal cord to skeletal muscle fibersSNS
- 6Has a 2 neuron chainANS
- 7In the SNS, the motor neuron is __________ and _____________.Large and myelinated
- 8The preganglionic neuron is always __________ and ____________.Thin and myelinated
- 9The postganglionic axon is always _______________ and _____________.Thinner and unmyelinated
- 10Preganglionic neurons always release:ACh
- 11Postganglionic neurons can either inhibit or excite the effector with:ACh or NE
- 12Axons from numerous preganglionic cells synapse on a single ganglionic cellNeuronal convergence
- 13Axons from one preganglionic cell synapse on numerous ganglionic cellsneuronal divergence
- 14Conserve energy and replenish nutrient storesParasympathetic division
- 15Prepares body for emergencies; increases alertness and makes nutrients available for useSympathetic division
- 16Where is the cell body of the preganglionic neuron located?Brain or spinal cord
- 17Where is the cell body of the ganglionic neuron located?Autonomic ganglion in PNS
- 18Where are parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies located?Brainstem or lateral gray matter of S2-S4
(Craniosacral) - 19Where are the sympathetic preganglionic neuron cell bodies located?Lateral horns of T1-S2
(Thoracolumbar) - 20Parasympathetic preganglionic axons are ________ while postganglionic axons are _________.Long; Short
- 21Sympathetic preganglionic axons are ________ while postganglionic axons are ________.Short; Long
- 22How many branches do parasympathetic preganglionic axons have?Few
- 23How many branches to sympathetic preganglionic axons have?Many
- 24Parasympathetic ganglia are either:Terminal ganglia or intramural ganglia
- 25Sympathetic trunk ganglia are either:Sympathetic trunk ganglia or prevertebral
- 26Close to effectorTerminal ganglia
- 27Within effectorIntramural ganglia
- 28Which 4 cranial nerves are associated with the Parasympathetic division?CN III (oculomotor)
CN VII (facial)
CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
CN X (vagus) - 29Is the sympathetic or parasympathetic division simpler?Parasympathetic
- 30Where are preganglionic cell bodies of CN III housed?Midbrain
- 31Ganglionic cell bodies of CN III are located in:Ciliary ganglion
- 32Where are cell bodies of CN VII located?Pons
- 33What are the 2 branches of preganglionic axons of CN VII that exit the pons?Greater petrosal nerve
Chorda tympani nerve - 34Innervates lacrimal glands and small glands of nose, mouth, and palateGreater petrosal nerve
- 35Innervates submandibular and sublingual salivary glandsChorda tympani Nerve
- 36Where are cell bodies of CN IX located?brainstem
- 37Where do preganglionic axons of CN IX synapse?Otic ganglion
- 38What is the effect of CN IX?Increase secretion from parotid salivary glands
- 39What effects do the CN X branches to thoracic organs have?increases mucous production, decreases airway diameter, decreases heart rate and force of contraction
- 40What effects do the CN X branches to abdominal organs have?increases smooth muscle motility and secretory activity in digestive tract
- 41Where are the preganglionic cell bodies of the pelvic splanchnic nerves housed?Lateral gray matter of S2-S4 of spinal cord
- 42Which plexus do the pelvic splanchnic nerves contribute to?Hypogastric plexus
- 43Preganglionic fibers project to ganglionic neurons within terminal or intramural ganglia of large intestine, rectum, reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and distal ureterPelvic splanchnic nerves
- 44Where is the sympathetic trunk located?Anterior to spinal nerves and lateral to vertebral column
- 45What does the superior cervical ganglion extend to?Structures of the head and neck
- 46What do the middle and inferior cervical ganglia extend to?Thoracic viscera
- 47What are white rami communicantes?Myelinated preganglionic sympathetic axons associated with T1-L2 spinal nerves
- 48What are gray rami communicantes?Unmyelinated postganglionic sympathetic axons that connect to all spinal nerves
- 49What are the 4 possible pathways of axons to exit the sympathetic trunk?Spinal nerve pathway
Postganglionic sympathetic nerve pathway
Splanchnic Nerve Pathway
Adrenal Medulla pathway - 50What does the spinal nerve pathway innervate?Skin of neck, torso, and limbs
- 51Preganglionic axon terminates in sympathetic trunk --> Ganglionic neuron exits via gray matter at the same level and extends within spinal nerve to target organSpinal Nerve Pathway
- 52What does the postganglionic sympathetic nerve pathway innervate?Internal organs of the thoracic cavity, skin of head and neck, superior tarsal and dilator muscles of eye
- 53Preganglionic axon terminates in sympathetic trunk ---> ganglionic neuron extends directly to target organPostganglionic sympathetic nerve pathway
- 54What does the Splanchnic Nerve Pathway innervate?Abdominal and pelvic organs
- 55Preganglionic axon passes through sympathetic trunk and terminates in prevertebral ganglion -----> ganglionic neuron extends to target organSplanchnic nerve pathway
- 56What does the adrenal medulla pathway innervate?The adrenal gland to release epinephrine or norepinephrine into blood
- 57Preganglionic axons innervate internal region of adrenal glandAdrenal medulla pathway
- 58What are the components of the autonomic plexus?Sympathetic ganglionic axons and parasympathetic preganglionic axons and some visceral sensory axons that do not synapse on each other
- 59Sympathetic ganglionic axons of cervical and thoracic sympathetic trunk ganglia increase heart rate and blood pressure; Parasympathetic preganglionic axons from vagus nerve decreases heart rateCardiac Plexus
- 60Sympathetic innervation causes bronchodilation; parasympathetic innervation causes brochoconstriction and increases mucous gland secretion of bronchial treePulmonary plexus
- 61Parasympathetic preganglionic axon of vagus nerve controls swallowing reflexEsophageal plexus
- 62Sympathetic postganglionic acons from prevertebral ganglia and parasympathetic preganglionic axons from vagus nerve enter the abdominopelvic cavity with the esophagusAbdominal aortic plexus
- 63Sympathetic and parasympathetic axons innervate the viscera within the pelvic regionHypogastric plexus
- 64ACh releasing cellsCholinergic neurons
- 65Target cell that binds to AChCholinergic receptors
- 66ACh released from preganglionic axons and all sympathetic axons is ___________ only.Excitatory
- 67NE releasing neuronsAdrenergic neuron
- 68Target cell that binds to NEAdrenergic receptor
- 69What do most Postganglionic sympathetic axons release?NE
- 70Which organ is the reflex center for defecation and urination?Spinal cord
- 71Which organ is the reflex center of ANS functions including emotions?Hypothalamus
- 72Which organ has major ANS reflex centers such as cardiovascular and digestive functions?Brainstem
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- Flashcards on ANS, created by Emily Kain on 26/10/2020.
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- Emily Kain
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