Flashcards
quiz for physics test
Cards in this deck (27)
- 1how is sound produced and transmitted?sound is produced through vibrations and transmitted from particles colliding
- 2describe the amplitude of a sound wavethe amplitude of a sound wave is how far a particle moves backwards and forwards
- 3describe the wavelength of a sound wavethe wavelength of a sound wave is the same point on two successive waves
- 4describe the frequency of a sound wavethe frequency of a sound wave is how many waves go past a point in a second
- 5how can the speed of sound be affected? why?the speed of sound can be affected by the density of the medium it is traveling through, if there are more particles it will move faster and if there are fewer particles it will move slower. the speed of sound can also be affected from the heat of the object.
- 6how does the ear detect sound and send it to our brain?the sound is funneled into the ear canal by the outer ear via ear flap/auricle. Then it hits the ar drum causing vibrations, the vibrations are transmitted from the oval window into the fluid of the cochlea. tiny hairs attached to the nerves in the cochlea detect the vibrations and convert them into an electrical signal which are sent to the brain via the auditory nerve
- 7what can go wrong with our hearing and how can we rectify the problem?we can get hearing loss which is caused by either nerve damage stopping the signal being sent to the brain or by the sound waves not being sent properly. hearing aids help to amlify sound (making it louder). and a cochlea impant replaces the nerves I'm the cochlea and sends electrical signals to brain.
- 8how is light transmittedlight is transmitted through light waves that travel in a transverse wave-like motion and as a particle called a photon
- 9describe the amplitude of a light wavethe amplitude of a light wave is the total distance the wave moves away from the resting point
- 10describe the wavelength of a light wavethe wavelength of a light wave is the distance between two successive waves
- 11describe the frequency of a lightwavethe frequency of a light wave is how many waves pass a point in a second
- 12what is transparent?transparent is an object that allows light to travel through
- 13what is translucent?translucent is an object that allows light to travel through but is distorted
- 14what is opaque?opaque is an object where no light can pass through
- 15what is the normal?the normal is 90° of the object
- 16explain the law of reflectionthe law of reflection states that the angle of incidence is always equal to the angle of reflection
- 17what is refraction and why does it occur?refraction is the change in direction of a wave passing through one medium to another changing its speed
- 18how can lenses converge or diverge lightconvex lenses bend light as it passes through the median towards a focal point
concave lenses bend the light away from the focal point - 19how can white light be separated into all coloursWhite light is composed of all the visible colors in the electromagnetic spectrum. each color is refracted differently, each bends at a different angle, resulting in a fanning out and separation of white light into the colors of the spectrum.
- 20why do objects appear in a particular colour?Objects appear in different colours because they absorb some colours (wavelengths) and reflected or transmit other colours. The colours we see are the wavelengths that are reflected or transmitted. eg. black objects absorb all light and reflect none, and white objects absorb no light but reflect all light.
- 21why does total internal reflection occur?The phenomenon occurs if the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle.
- 22how is total internal reflection used in optic fibres?Optical fiber uses the optical principle of total internal reflection to capture the light transmitted in an optical fiber and confine the light to the core of the fiber
- 23what are the benefits of using optic fibres in contrast to copper wires?Compared to copper cables, fibre optic cables are thinner and lighter in weight. Fibre can withstand more pull pressure than copper and is less prone to damage and breakage. optic fibres use total internal reflection as a guiding principle
- 24how does our eye collect light and send a message to the brain?The lens focuses light through the vitreous humor. The retina receives the image that the cornea focuses through the eye's internal lens and transforms this image into electrical impulses that are carried by the optic nerve to the brain. Then the brain turns the signals into the images you see.
- 25what can go wrong with our eyes? (pt 1)you can be short-sighted, which is when the eyeball is too long or curved. concave glasses fix this by spreading the light further apart. You can be long-sighted, which is where the eyeball is too short or weak, resulting in image being formed past the retina. convex glasses fix this by converging light before it hits the eyeball
- 26(pt 2)you can be colour blind, which is caused by damage to the cones in the retina and cannot be repaired. only affects colour.
you can have cataracts, which is caused by the lense aging and losing transparency. this can be fixed by putting in a plastic lense. - 27(pt 3)you can have astigmatism, which is vcaued by a misshapen cornea, it affects the ability for the eyes for focus on an image. this can be fixed by converted glasses which each lense is tailored for each misshapen eyeball.