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Week 2 - Info Systems

jenniferelkhoury English 47 cards

Week 2 - Info Systems

Cards in this deck (47)

  1. 1Although managers and business professionals do not need to be IT experts, they should: ? And what do they need to know?- Have a basic understanding of how computer hardware and software works
    - Recognise that the effective use of IT Infrastructure can benefit a business's performance and productivity.
    * We need to not only understand how to use technology, but why we use it and the benefits it brings.
    * We need to know how to manage the data and the information it produces (file management).
    *Businesses has come to rely on IT as a critical component to the success of the business.
  2. 2What are the 5 components to a computer based information system?- Hardware
    - Software
    - Data
    - Procedures
    - People    What are the 5 components to a computer based information system?
  3. 3What does hardware consist of? what do these devices do together?Consists of :
    - Processor
    - Monitor
    - Keyboard
    - Printer
    *These devices accept, process and display data and information
  4. 4What is a Network?A connecting system (wireline or wireless) that permits different computers to share resources (can be regarded as part of hardware).
  5. 5What is software?A program or collection of programs that enable the hardware to process data.
  6. 6What is a database?A database (data) is a collection of related files or tables containing data
  7. 7What are procedures?The instructions for combining the above components (Hardware, network, software, database) to processes information and generate the desired output.
  8. 8Components of a computer based information systemComponents of a computer based information system
  9. 9The components are integrated to form a wife variety of Info Systems found within organisations:The components are integrated to form a wife variety of Info Systems found within organisations:
  10. 10What are capabilities of Computer based Information systems?What are capabilities of Computer based Information systems?
  11. 11Certain information systems support parts of organisations, others support entire organisations, and still others support groups of organisations.Certain information systems support parts of organisations, others support entire organisations, and still others support groups of organ...
  12. 12What do you need to know about computer hardware - what are the 4 basic hardware categories?- Input
    > Keyboard, mouse, document scanners, bar-code scanners, microphones, magnetic ink readers
    - Processing
    > CPU and primary storage - main memory
    - Output
    > Video displays, printers, audio speakers, overhead projections, plotters
    - Secondary Storage
    > Magnetic disks, optical disks, magnetic tapes
  13. 13What are the basic components of the computers? (Map)What are the basic components of the computers? (Map)
  14. 14Peripheral device types - What are types of Input devices? name at least 5.● Keyboards
    ● Mouse
    ● Optical MouseTouchpad
    ● Graphics Tablet
    ● Joystick
    ● Touchscreen
    ● Stylus
    ● Digital pen
    ● Vocie recognition
  15. 15What are types of output devices? name at least 5.Monitors
    ● Flexible Displays
    ● Retinal Scanning displays
    ● Head-up displays
    ● Printers
    ● Laser Printers
    ● Plotters
    ● Voice Output
    ● Pocket Projector
  16. 16In modern business, what provides a competitive advantage?Productive working by having the right equipment
  17. 17Competitive advantage - Main memory- Too little means constant memory swapping
    - Slows processing
    - Needs more memory if processing too many programs
  18. 18Competitive advantage - CPU- Speed expressed in hertz
    - Needs the CPU to be faster if handling complex tasks
  19. 19Competitive Advantage - data storage> Main memory is volatile
    - Contents lost when power is off
    > Magnetic and optical disks are nonvolatile
    - Saved contents survive after power is turned off
  20. 20Storage, Input & Output Technology The capabilities of Computer Systems depend not only on the speed and capacity of the CU but also on the speed, capacity and design of the peripheral devices:- Secondary Storage
    - Input Technology
    - Output Technology    Storage, Input & Output Technology The capabilities of Computer Systems depend not only on the speed and capacity of the CU but also ...
  21. 21One of the major problems relating to Source Data Information is how to get lots of data into a computer quickly. What has been developed are devices known as Source Data Automation. What is SDA?The process of collecting data at their point of origin in digital form.
  22. 22SDA captures data is a computer-readable form at the time and place the data are created. Examples include: (list at least 4)● Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
    ● Bar Code readers
    ● QR Codes for use with smart phones
    ● Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)
    ● Handwriting Recognition
    ● Digital Scanners
    ● Magnetic Strip readers
    ● Sensors
  23. 23What is Client-server computing?- The client (or PC) is smart and does most of the work
    - It only uses the server when needed
    - Client computers used for word processing, spreadsheets, database access (connect to servers for Web, e-mail, database)
    - Provides fast, large, powerful service
  24. 24Client-Server computing (map)Client-Server computing (map)
  25. 25What is cloud computing?- Refers to computer networking on the Internet
    - New term used in IS
    - Stores data on servers accessed only by the internet
  26. 26Examples of Cloud Computing?- When you access a video from Facebook, you are accessing computing
    services in the cloud
    – You don’t know which server is processing or playing the video
    - Google Docs
  27. 27Software drives the hardware: What should hardware requirements be determined by?Your hardware requirements should be determined by what you’re going to use
    your computer for!
  28. 282 Types of Software?– Operating or system software
    ● Program that controls computer’s operation and resources
    – Application programs
    ● Perform specific user tasks
  29. 29Software constraints?Particular version of operating system is written for particular type of hardware
    ● Must conform to computer hardware. Example is Mac OS versus Windows
    – Application programs written to use on a particular operating system
  30. 30Software (diagram)Software (diagram)
  31. 314 Software defects?– All too often software is inefficient, poorly designed and has errors
    – SEI defines good software as usable, reliable, defect free and cost effective
    – On average professional programmers make between 100 – 150 errors every
    1000 lines of code
    – Critical step in reducing this is better design
  32. 32What is the difference between owning & licensing?- When users buy a computer program, they are buying a licence to use it: the ownership remains with the development company
  33. 33What are open source programs?- Used by individuals and organisations
    - They are operating systems and application programs
    - Owned by a the open-source community
    - No licence fee
    - Companies make money by offering support
  34. 34What are examples of which Open Source Software is available for free or for a small fee?- Mp3 players, open office etc.
  35. 35What is Application Software?Programs written for a specific application to perform functions specified by business or end users.
  36. 36What does Application software do?- Tells the hardware how to do the input, storage, processing and output functions
    - It employs the capabilities of a computer directly to a task that the user wishes to perform
    - Acts as the interface between the operating system and the hardware devices
  37. 37Personal application software categoriesPersonal application software categories
  38. 38Types of Installed Software Applications?- Spreadsheets (Excel)
    - Data management (Access)
    - Web Browsers (Firefox or Internet Explorer)
    - Apps for mobile phone
  39. 39Types of Web-Based Applications?- VU Collaborate
    - Web search engines (Google)
    - Email
  40. 40Why is Collaboration critical in Business?- Assist with collaborative tasks
    - Make life easier
    - No need for face-to-face meetings
    - Wont lose or misplace work
    - Able to know who is contributing and who is not
    - Create better results
    - Collaborative skills are highly marketable
  41. 41What are the 5 Components of a Collaboration Information System?What are the 5 Components of a Collaboration Information System?
  42. 42Exchange of Data in various forms is essential to collaboration. What are forms of exchanging data?- Documents
    - Discussions
    - Task lists
    - Calendars
  43. 43What are types of software and cloud servers support sharing of data? Some data is free and bundled in other applications.- Microsoft Outlook
    - Dropbox
    - Google Docs
    - Microsoft Powerpoints
    * Procedures for business use of the software must be defined.
  44. 44What are Spreadsheets?- Table of data in column and rows
    - Rows identified by numbers
    - Columns identified by letters
  45. 45What is a worksheet?- Refers to a spreadsheet
    - Workbook is a collection of worksheets in a single file
  46. 46What is a cell?- Cell is intersection of a row and column
    - Cell address is of the form 'column row' e.g. D3 is the 4th column along the 3rd row down.
    - Cells hold data, formulas, labels
    - Almost no limit to number of rows and columns
  47. 47Are large amounts of data better suited to spreadsheets or databases?Databases

Information

Description
• Why should you care how a computer works? • What is a Source Date Automation? • What is the difference between a Client and a Server? • What is Cloud Computing? • What do you need to know about software? • What is Application Software?
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