Flashcards
Exam #3
Cards in this deck (106)
- 1Group CommunicationWhat makes it a group?
1. Shared Identity
2. Common Goals
3. Interdependent - 2What makes it a group?Starts: 4 plus people
Ends: 10 or 12 people
***it can go higher in certain circumstances - 3What changes when there are more people?1. Communication becomes more formal
2. Intimacy is lost
3. Process losses - 4Types of GroupsPrimary
Social
Work - 5Primary GroupsBased on the core areas of your life
- 6Social GroupsPerceived shared interest
- 7Work TeamDoes not report to a supervisor
It answers to itself - 8ComplexitiesReasons why of there are more people it could be better
- 9Complexities1. you can experience. Synergy... the ideas of others will help spark your own
2. Producing support can make it easier to solve bigger problems
3. creates affective/cohesive feelings... commission certain people together for a reason - 10Process LossesThe more people there are the less your ideas are heard
- 11Group Get BiggerSize of the group grows the more lazy people get
***Social Loafing - 12ApprehensionFear of communicating for fear of size.
The more people there are in a group the least likely you are to share - 13Group ThinkMore interested in cohesion than being critical
- 14Pluralistic Ignorance-everyone else seems to agree so it must be ok
-Look to group for response but they think that it is fine - 15BrainstormingOutcome is how many ideas are produced
- 16Traditional BrainstorminEasier to measure quantity than quality
- 17Brainstorming Rules1. The more ideas the better
2. No evaluation
3. The wilder the idea the better - 18Nominal Brainstorming GroupDeals with 2 problems of process loss
1. Out of face to face
2. Eliminate process loss
Nominal produces a lot more ideas but they lose synergy - 193 types of Brainstorming1. Traditional
2. Nominal
3. Communication Apprehension - 20Electronic Brainstorming-You are alone so you can freely put down all of your ideas
-When you hit a mental block you can go back and look at others ideas for inspiration
-Eliminates Process Loss
-Gets rid of process loss
-Answer to nominal because we can now synergize
-Evaluation apprehension is a lot lower
-The THEORY is that it should be better - 213 Mechanisms1. Evaluation Apprehension
2. Synergy
3. Process losses - 22NetworksThere are different ways to quantify
- 23Ways relationships varyStrength
Symmetry
Multiplexity - 24StrengthAmount
Intimacy - 25SymmetryDirectionality of Relationship
- 26MultiplexityDifferent ways we communicate
- 27Roles in the NetworkIsolate
Clique
Bridge
Liaison
Star
Superdiffuser - 28IsolateDoes not communicate with anyone
- 29CliqueHighly interconnected group
- 30Bridgesomeone who is a member of one group and also is a member of another group
- 31LiaisonNot a member of either group
how people move/act is how certain messages are perceived - 32StarPeople who are the most highly connected.
Most important perons - 33SuperdiffuserThree Key Characteristics
1. Opinion Leaders
2. Stars that are highly involved
3. Credible Mavens - 34Weak ConnectionsMore important than stronger ones.
Increase the number of jobs that are available to you - 353 Types if Group Rolls1. Task
2. Social
3. Antigroup - 36Info GiverShow up with info and willingly gives it to the group
- 37Info SeekerPerson who asks for the information
- 38AdministratorKeeps the group on topic
- 39ElaboratorTakes an idea and pushes it a little further
- 40Social RollsSocializer
Harmonizer
Gate Keeper
Monopolizer - 41Socializerorganizes events outside of the group
- 42HarmonizerMakes sure that everyone is ok and catching up on each others lives
- 43Gate KeeperEveryone can contribute
- 44Monopolizertakes up all the time for themselves
- 45Anti-Group RollesBlocker
Avoider
Recognition Seeker - 46Blockeris constantly shooting down the ideas of others
- 47AvoiderTries to avoid everything DUH
- 48Recognition SeekerBRAGGER! They are always talking about what THEY did in THEIR OTHER group!
- 49Improve Comm. Goal Settingkeep up with your set goals
- 50Improve Comm. Agenda SetterGet together and decide what we are going to accomplish
- 51Improve Comm. Encourage ParticipationMake sure that everyone's voice is heard
- 52Improve Comm. Discourage Social LoafingKeep people from not contributing
- 53Improve Comm. Define RollsTHIS IS YOUR ROLL. ask other people what they want their roll to be
- 54Improve Comm. Encourage Critical ThinkingMake sure you can still challenge each others ideas
- 55Improve Comm. Post Critical ThoughtMake sure you can welcome constrictive criticism
- 56Organizational CommunicationBecoming more diverse
Becoming less hierarchical - 57Characteristics of Org. Comm.-defined by comm.
-interdependence
-add hierarchy
-intergroup relations
-superior-subordinate comm. - 58Organizational CultureCulture- Stable perceptions of an organization and its norms and behaviors
complicated
emergent
no unitary - 59SystemsThere are six types of systems
- 601. WholismNotion that organization is greater than its parts
- 612. Interdependencemembers within the organization
- 623. EquifinalityYou can reach the same outcome through multiple tasks
- 634. AdaptabilityCan respond quickly to changes in the environment
- 645. OpennessOpen to new inputs from the environment
- 656. HierarchyCorporal things that run things that are very important
- 66Formal and Informal Channelsknowing HOW information really moves
- 67Upward FlowFrom employee to boss
Leader- member exchange
role negotiation - 68Downward FlowStandard form from top down.
Work Reviews
new policies
How you motivate people to work better or harder - 69Horizontal FlowTeam building; communication between peers
Managing
Interdependence - 70ConnectednessHow people/groups are connected
who is influencing who
advice network
friend network
power network - 71CentralizedCommunication centered around the top (mangers/bosses)
- 72DecentralizedMore lower level connections
Flatter - 73Create Drive to Producemotivated employees
organized labor=treat them like human beings
human resources=treat people as a resource which makes them work harder - 74Common AssuptionMotivation drive performance- if you are motivated to do it then you will be better at it
- 75Selective ExposureChose only some messages
- 76Selective AttentionAttend to only parts that we want to
- 77Selective PerceptionDifferential assignment of meaning- we each get a different meaning from the same thing
- 78Selective RetentionDifferential Recall
Only retain things that fit our schema
They fit our brain natural inclination to categorize - 79Mass CommunicationsIs it a thing or a process?
6 steps - 801.Professional communicators decide to send a message
- 812.Message is encoded
- 823.Messages are transmitted
- 834.***Audience is large and diverse***
- 845.Messages are decoded
- 856.Message influences audience
- 86Media GoalsINTENDED effects
- 875 major types1. The impact of commercial advertising
2. The impact of political campaigns on voting
3. The impact of public service announcements
4. Campaigns to change lifestyles
5. Campaigns to change ideologies - 88Media AccidentsUNINTENDED effects
- 894 Major Types1. Impact of violence in video
2. Impact of sexually explicit content
3. Under representation
4. Impact of misrepresentation - 90ExplanationThere are 5 types of impacts
- 911. Behavioral effectsactions
- 922. Attitudinal EffectsFavorable
- 933. Cognitive EffectsKnowledge
- 944. Physiological EffectsBodily responses
Physiological arousal is generic - 955. Emotional EffectsFeelings
- 96Effects of ParadigmsHow serious are these?
- 97-1900s to 1940s Uniform effects1. "magic bullet perspective
2. society homogeneous
3. Big affects
4. A lot of public concern - 981940s - 1980s Limited Effects1. Media has only small effects
2. society heterogeneous
3. small effect
4. Public concern wanes - 991980s - today1. Media has strong influence
2. Depending upon individual differences
3. Researchers try to isolate key factors
4. Concern begins to grow again - 100Children and Mass Media- Cognitive deficits signal concern
- 101Harm caused by deficits in cognitive ability- fantasy vs. reality
- conceptual vs. perceptual
- Inference Ability
- Scene integration/ theme recognition - 102Troublesome ViolenceContext matters
- 103Most Harmful ExposureGood Guys as Perpetrators
Violence is celebrated, rewarded, or trivialized
Violence is unpunished - 104More Troublesome ViolenceYou can never know media effects on yourself
My experience is irrelevant
Groups and people is what matters when it comes to people being affected
Violence without harm - 105Developmental Issues- Processing Information
- APA recommends no viewing before age of 2
- If there is a magic age for exposure---- age 8 - 106Good Strategies1. Limit Viewing
2. Pre-screen for harmful content
3. Co-view and provide interpretations that focus on
- motive for violence
- realism of violence=consequences
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- Flashcards on Exam #3, created by belde042 on 08/12/2013.
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- belde042
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