Flashcards
Conflict
Cards in this deck (31)
- 1What are some of the causes of war?--defend country against attack
--defend freedoms
--defend an ally
--depose own government
--gain territory
--revenge
--gain wealth, resources etc.
--stop atrocities happening in another country
--propagate a particular ideology - 2What is the Just War Theory?A set of conditions which all must be satisfied in order for a war to be deemed morally permissible (though never good).
- 3According to Just War Theory, under which conditions is it legitimate to go to war.--war is the last resort
--must be a just cause (self-defense)
--war must be fought with the right intention
--there must be a good chance of success
--war can only be declared by a legitimate authority
--success will ensure a better future - 4According to Just War Theory, under which conditions must a war be fought?--all non-combatants protected
--force must be used proportionally (nuclear weapons, therefore, never permissible)
--torture is impermissible - 5According to Just War Theory, what conditions comprise a morally permissible aftermath?--no unjust gains from the war
--compensation must be given to the victims
--war criminals must be punished
--peace treaties must be fair and ensure lasting peace - 6What criticisms have been made of Just War Theory?--interpretations of conditions can be subjective
--realism is a better approach to war
--difficult to apply to modern conflicts due to asymmetric warfare - 7Give two examples of famous pacifists in recent times.Martin Luther King
Mahatma Gandhi - 8Which Christian denomination advocates absolute pacifism?Quakers
- 9What is terrorism?The use of terror for political or ideological ends. Characteristically, terrorism takes the form of indiscriminate attacks on civilians and is often carried out by jihadists.
- 10What was the first use of nuclear weapons?1945 atom bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki by America.
- 11What is unilateral disarmament?When a country disarms itself from nuclear weapons regardless of whether other countries do so.
- 12What are some of the causes of crime?--economics
--psychology
--culture
--poor education
--unjust laws
--substance addiction
--greed - 13What are the four main aims of punishment?Deterrence
Protection
Reformation (rehabilitation)
Retribution - 14What is parole?Release from prison prior to the completion of the prisoner's sentence if the prisoner is well-behaved and remorseful. They are monitored by a parole officer.
- 15Which activities might community service involve?--litter picking
--cleaning up graffiti
--repairing damage to property
--apologize to the victim - 16When was capital punishment abolished in the UK?1970
- 17What are some arguments made in favour of capital punishment?--fulfills some of the aims of punishment, such as retribution, protection, and deterrence
--life sentences in prison are equally bad if not worse than the death penalty
--proportionate form of retribution for murder
--Old Testament prescribes the death penalty for a variety of crimes - 18What are some arguments made against having a death penalty?--New Testament teaches forgiveness
--Jesus appears to reject it in John 8.1-12 (the woman caught in adultery)
--evidence suggests death penalty not an effective deterrent
--risk of putting to death innocent people
--does not allow for reform and restoration
--makes the state as bad as the murderers
--very costly - 19What is the Catholic teaching on war and peace?--aligns with the Just War theory, which it is largely responsible for developing
--totally opposed to nuclear warfare and terrorism
--support nuclear disarmament - 20What are Catholic teachings on crime and punishment?--retribution not a legitimate function of punishment (only the other 3 are)
--reformation is the most important function of punishment
--emphasizes the importance of forgiveness and second chances
--believe that the causes of crime are linked to unjust social conditions - 21What is the largest difference between Catholic and Anglican teaching on crime and punishment?Anglicans do not accept capital punishment as being a morally permissible means of administering justice under any circumstances.
- 22What do Quakers believe about war and peace?They are pacifists, largely on the consequentialist grounds that violence almost always causes more problems than it solves.
They are prepared to fight for their country using non-violent means, such as driving ambulances etc. - 23'If anyone slaps you on your right cheek, turn to them the other cheek also.'Matthew 5.39
- 24'But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you.'Matthew 5.44
- 25The parable of the lost sonLuke 15.11-32
- 26The woman caught in adultery. 'Let any one of you who is without sin be the first to throw the stone.'John 8.2-11
- 27'Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called children of God.'Matthew 5.9
- 28'"Put your sword back in its place," Jesus said to him, "for all who draw the sword will die by the sword."Matthew 26.52
- 29'Do not repay anyone evil for evil.'Romans 12.17
- 30The 'eye for an eye' passage. 'The one who has inflicted the injury must suffer the same injury.'Leviticus 24.19-20
- 31'Why do you look at the speck of sawdust in your brother's eye and pay no attention to the plank in your own eye'Matthew 7.3