Flashcards
Medical Terminology Chapter 9- Blood, Lymph, Immune
Cards in this deck (131)
- 1AntibodySpecial proteins produced by B lymphocytes to attack and attach to foreign antigen shaped like a "Y" (Y protector)
- 2Antigenprotein- identify "self" or "non self" - 1. "self"- outside our body and not harmful "non-self" foreign antigens enter the body and attached to cells-
-invaders start the immune process
l - 3Bile PigmentYellow/ green/ brown color
- 4cytokinecell movement
- 5immunocompetentAbility to recognize and develop an immune response-correctly respond
- 6Natural Killer Cells NKCSpecialized lymphocytes that kill abnormal cells by releasing chemicals that destroy the cell membrane, causing its intercellular fluids to leak out
- 7Pathogenagent that causes disease especially a living organism
- 8Hostorganism that is infected with or is fed upon a parasitic or pathogen organism
- 9Opportunistic infectioninfections caused by an organism that normally would not affect a healthy adult
- 10Immunitystate of being protected
Active- produced by one's own immune system
Passive - antibodies formed in one individual and transferred to another - 11Granulocytes (has staining granules in their cytoplasm and nucleus)Neurophils - phagocytosis (first responders)
Eosinophils - Allergy and animal parasites(worm and eggs guys)
Basophils - inflammation mediators, anticoagulant properties "injury boys) - 12Agranulocytes (no staining, nucleus does not form lobes)Monocytes (macrophages)
Lymphocytes:
*B Cells - humoral immunity (Bob Boop)
*T Cells - cellular immunity (Tom Terrific)
Natural Killer Cells - Destruction without specificity (Ted Bundy) - 13Humoral Immunity System (cell type, origin and maturation)B- Lymphocytes
*Plasma cells
*Memory cells
Origin- Bone Marrow
Maturation - Bone Marrow - 14Cellular Immunity (cell type, origin and maturation)T Cells: Cytoxic, Helper, Suppressor, Memory
Origin- Bone Marrow
Maturation- Thymus immune system - 15T- Cell Cytoxic T Cells- Help T- Cells - suppressor T Cells- memorCytoxic -Destruction cancer cells
Helper- Assist B cells
Suppressor - Off switch
memory - remember invaders - 16Aden/ogland
- 17agglutin/oclumping and gluing
- 18Bas/oBase-
Definition 1 = alkaline (opposite of acid)
Definition 2 = foundation
Definition 3 - type of dye to stain blood cells - 19Blast/oembryonic cell
- 20Chrom/ocolor
- 21Eosin/o(white blood Cell)
dawn, rose colored cell - 22Erythr/ored
- 23Granul/oGranule- example stained celled- looks like grains of sand
- 24Hem/o Hemat/oBlood
- 25immun/oimmunity
- 26Kary/o Nucle/oNucleus
- 27Leuk/oWhite
- 28lymphaden/olymph gland or lymph node
- 29Lymph/oLymph fluid
- 30lymphangi/olymph vessel
- 31morph/oform, shape or structure
- 32Myel/o (origin and location)Origen of bone marrow- inside the bones
- 33Neutr/oNeutral neither
- 34phag/oswallowing, eating
- 35plas/o plasmformation or growth
- 36reticul/onet, mesh - like a spider web
- 37ser/oserum
- 38sarc/oflesh, connective tissue or skeletal muscles
- 39dem/opeople or population
- 40humor/obodily fluids
- 41critto separate
- 42splen/oSpleen- part of the immune blood system located in the LUQ
- 43Thromb/oBlood clot (stationary)
- 44Thym/oThymus Gland- produces thymosin
- 45-blastembryonic cell
- 46-emiablood condition
- 47-globinprotein
- 48-grafttransplantation
- 49-osisabnormal condition increase (usually related to blood cells)
- 50-philattraction for
- 51-phoresiscarrying transmission
- 52-phylaxisprotection
- 53-poiesisformation or production
- 54-stasisstanding still
- 55awithout, not
- 56anisounequal, dissimilar
- 57iso-same, equal
- 58macrolarge
- 59microsmall
- 60monoone
- 61polymany, much
- 62asitesaccumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal - pleural cavity
- 63bacteremiapresence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood stream
- 64sepsisserious life threatening blood stream infection that may arise from other infections throughout the body
- 65HemolysisDestruction of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin that defuses in surrounding fluid
- 66disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)Widespread- Abnormal activation of proteins involved in blood coagulation, causing small blood clots to form in vessels and cutting off the supply of oxygen to distal tissues
- 67graft rejectionfalse or foreign antigens- body rejects transplanted organ or tissue
- 68graft versus hostgraft attacks host- transplant produces antibodies against recipient's organs that can be severe enough to cause death
- 69hematomacollection of blood outside the blood vessel
- 70hemoglobinopathydisease of blood protein
- 71lymphadenopathydisease of lymph gland or node
- 72lymphedemaswelling of lymph
- 73Multiple MyelomaMalignant tumor of the plasma cells
- 74Systemic lupus erythematosis SLEWidespread autoimmune disease that may affect the skin brain, kidneys and joints causes chronic inflammation; also called discoid lupus
- 75ThrombocythemiaBlood condition of blood clotting cell- over production of platelets leading to thrombosis or bleeding disorders
- 76Thrombocytopeniadecrease deficiency of platelets or thrombocytes
- 77Von Willebrand diseaseBleeding disorder caused by a deficiency of Von Willebrand factor. a "sticky" protein that lines the blood vessels
- 78LymphangioectomyRemoval of lymph vessel
- 79LymphadenographyRadiologic examination of lymph nodes after injection of contrast medium
- 80immunotheraytreatment to restore the body's own immune system
- 81Immunotherapy (allergy injections)Injection with increasing strength of the offending antigen
- 82Immunotherapy (biological)Use of immune system stimulators to enhance the immune response
- 83Bone marrow aspirationRemoval of small sample of bone marrow
- 84Bone marrow transplantInfusion of healthy bone marrow stem cells after the diseased bone marrow destroyed.
- 85Bone Marrow Transplant AutologousInfusion of the patient's own bone marrow or stem cells after a course of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy
- 86Bone Marrow Transplant HomologousInfusion of bone marrow or stem cells from a compatible donor after a course of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy
- 87Serologylab test to detect presence of antibodies, antigen or immune substance does not measure how much each is present
- 88Titerblood test that measures the amount of antibodies in blood determines immune status
- 89LymphadenectomyRemoval of lymph node
- 90Sentinel node excisionRemoval of the firs node (sentinel node) that receives drainage from cancer containing areas and the one most likely to contain malignant cells
- 91TransfusionInfusion of blood or blood products from one person (donor) to another
- 92Antinuclear antibody (ANA)test to identify antibodies that attach the nucleus of the individual's own body cells (auto antibodies)
- 93Complete blood count CBCcount of all types of blood
- 94Aspirationdrawing in and out
- 95Monospotserological test for presence of heterophile antibody which develops several days after the Epstein-Barr virus
- 96Partial Thromboplastin PTTTest that measures the length of tie it takes blood to clot to screen for deficiencies of some clotting factors
- 97Shilling testtest used to diagnose pernicious anemia by determining if the body properly absorbs vitamin B12 through the digestive tract
- 98Bone Marrow MRIHighly sensitive imaging procedure that detects lesions and changes in bone tissue and bone marrow, especially in multiple myeloma
- 99Lymphoangiographyvidualization of lymphatic channels and lymph nodes using a contrast medium to determine blockage or other pathologies of the lymph system
- 100lymphoscintigraphyradioactive tracers through into the lymph channels and locate the sentinel node (first lymph to drain)
- 101anticoagulantsprevent blood clot formation by inhibiting the synthesis of inactivating one or more clotting factors
- 102antimicrobialsDestroy bacteria fungi and protozoa by interfering with the functions of their cell membrane or their reproductive cycle
- 103AntiviralsPrevent regulation of viruses within host cells
- 104Thrombolyticsdissolve blood clots by destroying their fibrin strands
- 105Blood Culturetest to find if an infection is present in blood
- 106differential countcounts the differential types of WBC's and reports results as a percentage of the total number of WBC's present in the blood
- 107hemoglobin testmeasures the amount of hemoglobin in blood
- 108Hemocritmeasures the percent of RBC's volume in a tube
- 109Erythrocyte Sedimentation RateMeasurement of the distance RBC's settle to the bottom of a test tube under standardized conditions (usually 1 hour)- also called sed rate
- 110AB, Ab, abantibody, abortion
- 111A, B, AB, OBlood types in ABO blood group
- 112AIDSAcquired immune deficiency syndrome
- 113ANAantinuclear antibody
- 114CBCComplete Blood Count
- 115diffdifferential count (WBC)
- 116DVTdeep vein thrombosis; deep venous thrombosis
- 117ESRerythrocyte sedimentation rate
- 118HCT or HcTHematocrit
- 119Igsimmunoglobulins
- 120PTprothrombin time, physical therapy
- 121PTTpartial thromboplastin time
- 122RBC, rbcRed blood count
- 123SLEsystemic lupus erythematosus
- 124Whole Bloodcomposition of whole blood in the entire body (RBC's and WBC's)
- 125Blood Plasma componentsBlood is a connective tissue comprised of -- 1. Plasma= 90% H2O-- 2. Proteins- albumin (helps to hold water)-- 3. gases, nutrients, waste products, hormones
- 126Blood - formed elements components-solid components; all formed in bone marrow -- 1. RBC's= erythrocytes --2.WBC's= leukocytes -- 3. Cell fragments(platelets) = thrombocytes
- 127Hematopoesis or Hemopoesisdevelopment and maturation of all blood cells- from an undifferentiated cell (stem cell)
- 128Blood- Functions of formed elementsRBC's 1 carry O2 from lungs and pics up CO2 from body to bring back to lungs
- 129Blood - White blood cells FunctionDefense- 1. tissue repair 2. phagocytosis 3. aid in healing process 4. move blood through caps to enter spaced between cell (diapedesis) to go to injury or infection sites
- 130diapedesismovement of leukocytes out of the circulatory system towards the site of tissue damage or infection
- 131B cellsresponsible for humoral immunity (body fluids) also called and indirect attacker
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- Medical Terminology - Blood, Lymph ND Immune
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