Flashcards
Companion Animal Final
Cards in this deck (135)
- 1What is the #1 reason cats and dogs are euthanized?overpopulation
- 2What are the scientific names of the gray wolf and the domestic dog?-canis lupus
-canis familiaris - 3What is the primary theory of domestication of dogs?-Humans used wolves to help hunt
-began "collecting" animals as trophies and gifts
-used wolves to guard food, homes, and children - 4Explain the difference between taming and domestication:-taming: taking a wild animal and training it
-Domestication: the breeding/containment of a species under human control - 5Approximately how large (in dollars) was the Pet Industry in 2015?118.8 billion
- 6Examples of benefits of owning a companion animal:-reduction of stress
-focus for nurturing
-exercise, play, and laughter
-decreased loneliness
-stimulus for social interaction
-enhanced self-esteem - 7Explain the difference between a breed and subspecies:-Breed: based on artificial selection by humans, common species, usually not geographically isolated
-Subspecies: natural selection, differ morphologically (form/structure) and geographically from original. - 8Give 2 examples of juvenile characteristics still seen in domestic dogs as it relates to domestication:Physical:
-decreased overall size
-altered (decreased) jaw size and strength
-decreased size and number of teeth
-prominent forehead
-shorter limbs
Behavioral:
-dogs being highly curious
-subordinate nature - 9What are the 3 different types of dog skulls?-doliocephalic
-mesaticephalic
-brachycephalic - 10Give 2 alternatives to declawing cats:-claw covers
-anti-scratch spray/deterrent - 11Explain one difference between how wolves and jackals hunt:wolves hunt in packs, jackals hunt alone
- 12Give 2 examples of how the fertility and sexual maturity changes between dogs and wolves in regards to domestication:-female dogs have 2 estrous cycles per year, wolves only have 1
-male dogs are fertile year round, male wolves are fertile seasonally - 13What is selective breeding?-discrimintative selection based on presence of desired structural or behavioral characteristics.
-used to weed out undesirable traits, or breed in desired traits - 14What is the #1 dog breed found in the Us ? the US.the labrador retriever
- 15What is a subspecies?-comes from natural selection
-differ morphologically (form/structure) and geographically from original species. - 16What is a breed?-comes from artificial selection by humans
-common species
-not usually geographically isolated - 17What is ossification?how bones develop and grow
- 18Describe a brachycephalic skull:-boxers and bully breeds
-short, compact skulls that lead to health problems - 19Describe a doliocephalic skull:-sight hounds, running dogs
-wolf's skull elongated
-narrow, long snout
-better for sight - 20Describe a mesaticephalic skull:-scent hounds and pointers
-wolf's skull elongated - 21What are the main two skeletal components?-axial
-appendicular - 22What is the axial skeleton?bones that make up the:
-skull
-vertebral column
-ribcage
-sternum - 23What is the function of the axial skeleton?-brain case
-protects special senses
-mastication of food - 24When do cats and dogs get their baby teeth?6 weeks
- 25When do cats and dogs get their permanent teeth?6 months
- 26What is the function of the vertebrae?protects spine
- 27What is the function of the ribcage?protects main organs
- 28What is the appendicular skeleton ?bones that make up:
-limbs
-pelvic girdle - 29What is the appendicular main region?thoracic and pelvic limbs
- 30What is the thoracic limb regions?-pectoral girdle
-brachium and ante brachium
-carpus and manus - 31What is the pectoral girdle?-shoulder blade
-not in dogs
-cats have it - 32What is the brachium and ante brachium for?flexibility
- 33What is the carpus?wrist bone
- 34What is the manus?foot bones and digits
- 35What is the pelvic limb regions?-pelvic girdle
-thigh
-crus
-tarsus
-pes - 36What is the thigh?long bone of hind limb
- 37What is the crus?tibia and fibula
- 38What is the tarsus?ankle
- 39What is the pes?hind foot and digits
- 40What are tendons?connect muscles to bones
- 41What are ligaments?connect bone to bone
- 42Forms of protection on the body:-skin
-scales
-claws
all protect underlying tissues from bacteria.
-chemical exchange
-sensory
-secretion - 43What is the importance of chemical exchange?lining of the digestive tract, lungs, kidneys, and thermoregulation
- 44What is the importance of secretion?endocrine and exocrine glands (mucus, enzymes, and pheromones)
- 45What are the effects of taurine deficiency in cats?-heart defects
-vision defects
-birth defects - 46What is the result of arigine deficiency in cats?quick death
- 47What is the scientific name for cats?Felis Catus
- 48Why do small breeds require fewer overall calories but a more concentrated diet?they have less body weight and energy used
- 49What nutrients do cats need that dogs do not?-taurine
-arginine - 50What is the main responsibility of AAFCO as it relates to pet food?-
- 51How long have cats been domesticated?3000 years
- 52What is the #1 nutritional problem for dogs living in the US?obesity
- 53What is the preferred body score an animal should have?5
- 54List problems brachycephalic dogs suffer from:-bacterial infections
-breathing problems
-eyes popping out of head - 55How do mother cats teach their kittens to hunt?They bring half-dead prey to the kittens
- 56When would a kitten use a meow?to signify they need assistance from their mom
- 57When would an adult cat meow?To alert owners they need something (ex: food, go outside, water, pets, etc)
- 58What is polydactyl mean?multiple toes, having extra phalanges
- 59What were dalmatians originally are for?coach dogs
- 60Name a benefit of spaying your cat:-reduced change of getting mammory tumors
- 61Name benefits of oxytocin for pets and their owners?-
- 62What is a breeding male cat called?Tom
- 63What is a sign of a female cat in metestrus?A short (24 hour) stage when the female again rejects the tom
- 64How long is a cat's gestational period?63 days
- 65What is a breeding female cat called?a queen
- 66What is whelping?the events leading up to the labor in dogs
- 67Three signs that a dog demonstrates during the start of labor:-loss of appetite
-restlessness
-nesting behavior
-body/rectal temperature drops - 68What is the normal color of the placenta of a dog after birth?-shades of red, including brown
- 69What are the infected colors of a placenta of a dog after birth?-green
-yellow - 70Name the 2 protozoan diseases that occur in cats:-coccidosis
-toxoplasmosis - 71Name 4 internal parasites that occur in dogs:-roundworms
-hookworms
-heartworms
-tapeworms - 72Name the internal parasites that occur in cats:-toxocariasis (roundworms
-stomach worms
-tapeworm - 73What is the common name for the disease tularemia?rabbit fever
- 74Which disease in dogs is similar to measles in humans?distemper
- 75What is the difference between a service dog and a therapy dog?Service dogs are trained for their owner's specific disability.
Therapy dogs can provide psychological therapy for people other than the owner - 76What are the only 2 questions you are allowed to ask a handler of a service dog?1. What task/job does the dog perform?
2. Is the dog a service animal required for a disability? - 77What are the 7 groups in the AKC?-working
-sporting
-herding
-non-sporting
-terrier
-toy
-hound - 78What are the 3 subcategories of the working group of dogs?-guarding
-sledding
-rescue - 79____is a bacterial disease that will lead to the locking of the jaw and spastic contractions of muscles.Tetanus
- 80____ is the most common dog insect problem.Ordinary cat flea
- 81____ is a viral disease similar to measles in humans that is the leading infectious disease worldwide.distemper
- 82___ is an external parasite that sucks blood and the most form is the brown dog variant.tick
- 83____ is a viral disease first noticed in the US in 1977 that leaves puppies the most susceptible. It has 2 forms, GI and heart, which causes bloody diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and possible death.Canine parvovirus
- 84____ is a viral disease that is transmitted by direct contact by biting, has a furious or mad or dumb stage.Rabies
- 85____ is a viral disease in cats that is caused by the corona virus that occurs in a wet (fluid around the heart) and dry form.Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)
- 86____ is a viral disease in cats that results in death from secondary infections due to low immune function.Feline immunodeficiency Virus
- 87___ can bite and feed on skin or suck and feed on blood, also irritates ears.lice
- 88____ is a bacterial disease common in NC that is transmitted by ticks and can be extremely serious in humans if they are infected by the tick.Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
- 89_____ is a bacterial disease in animals that causes sterility and is zoonotic.Brucellosis
- 90____ is a bacterial disease in dogs that is spread by urine and primarily affects the kidneys, resulting in fever, listlessness, loss of appetite, and mental depression.Leptospirosis
- 91____ is a bacterial lung infection that is usually caught from the owner.tuberculosis
- 92____ is a bacterial disease that primarily affects the young and elderly animals. It results in gastroenteritis, fever, loss of appetite, and depression.Salmonellosis
- 93_____ is a bacterial disease known as rabbit fever and most often associated with ticks. It results in skin lesions, swollen lymph nodes, pneumonia, and weakness in the rear legs.tularemia
- 94____ is a bacterial disease that is the most common US vector related disease that results in the sudden onset of lameness, weakness, and fever.Lyme disease
- 95____ is a viral disease first isolated in military dogs in 1971. It causes excessive diarrhea.Canine Coronavirus
- 96_____ is a viral disease that is most severe in late pregnancy and in puppies. It causes a hard, distended abdomen and usually results in death in 24 hours.herpes
- 97____ is a viral disease present in stool, saliva, and urine. It is transmitted by direct contact.Infectious Canine Hepatitis
(CAV 1) - 98____ is a viral disease that results in an infectious respiratory disease that is highly contagious and is usually accompanied by a harsh cough. It is common when a lot of dogs are housed together.-Kennel cough
-infectious tracheobronchitis
-bordetella - 99___ is a fungal disease that is the most common in companion animals and humans It can be a huge health issue within corded shelters and may result in biosecurity euthanasia.Ringworm
- 100_____ is a protozoan disease that results from filth, overcrowding, and dampness.coccidiosis
- 101___ is a protozoan disease acquired from consuming infected organisms. It causes a variation in symptoms, including birth defects in humans.toxoplasmosis
- 102____ is a viral disease in cats that causes fever, depression, loss of appetite, vominting, and the inability to drink water.Feline Panleukopenia (FPL)
- 103____ is a viral disease in cats that leads to cancer and severity of secondary disease. It transmitted by bites, mating, and saliva transfer.Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)
- 104____ is an internal parasite in dogs that is characterized by white, thin, spaghetti-like worms that fasten to the intestinal walls and draw blood. Usually from soil to intestines.roundworms
- 105___ is an internal parasite in dogs that can be contracted by consuming raw meattapeworms
- 106_____ is an internal parasite that can cause shortness of breath, weight loss, and depp cough. It is spread by mosquitoes.heart worms
- 107___ is an internal parasite in cats that has 8 different species and causes periodic vomintiing.Stomach worms
- 108___ is a condition caused by mites that cause cause scratching and biting of the site. They only live around 3 weeks.Sarcoptic mange
- 109____ is a condition caused by mites that is more common in certain breeds. It can be caused by immune system issues.Demodicosis
"red mange" - 110___ is an itchy bacterial infection from scratching, ear mites, and chiggers.Scabies
- 111How should rats and mice be housed?-not alone, they are social creatures
-large cage that is escape proof - 112How long do mice live?1-2 years
- 113How long do rats live?2-3 years
(can be longer with proper care) - 114How long are rats/mice gestation period?19-24 days
- 115How often do female mice/rats go into heat?every 4 days
- 116How do you pick up mice correctly?-pick them up by the base of their tail (not the tip)
-scruff them for balance - 117How should you pick up a tame rat?behind their shoulders
- 118What are the most common health concerns for pet rats?-respiratory problems
-tumors (especially mammary tumors for female rats) - 119What is ferreting?Rabbit hunting using ferrets (also the term used for rat hunting)
- 120What is ferret legging?when people put ferrets down their pants
- 121What are some of the uses of ferrets?-domestic pets
-shows
-fur ranching
-biomedical research - 122What is toxic to ferrets?high levels of zinc
(can be in some feeding dishes and cage bars) - 123What is a ferret's life expectancy?5-11 years
- 124What is a male ferret called? What is a female ferret called?Hob
Jill - 125How long is a ferret's gestation?38-44 days
- 126Why should non-breeding female ferrets be NEUTERED?aplastic anemia
- 127What organisms are classified as Anura?tailless adults such as frogs and toads
(amphibians) - 128What organisms are classified as Caudata?adults with tails such as newts and salamanders
(amphibians) - 129What organisms are classified as Apoda / Caecilians?tropical and legless amphibians
- 130What organisms are classified under the Order Chelonia or Testudines?-turtles
-tortoises
-terrapin - 131What organisms are classified under the Order Squamata?-lizards
-snakes - 132What organisms are classified under the Suborder Lacertilia (Sauria)?lizards
- 133What organisms are classified under the Suborder Serpentes?snakes
- 134What organisms are classified under the Suborder Amphisbaenia?worm lizards
- 135What organisms are classified under the Order Crocodylia?alligators and crocodiles
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- Science (Companion Animals) Flashcards on Companion Animal Final, created by Hannah Jordan on 28/11/2016.
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- Hannah Jordan
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