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Flashcards

OSCE Sem 3

Oscar Pope English 106 cards

Cards in this deck (106)

  1. 1Which fossa does the middle meningeal artery arise from and which artery?Infratemporal fossa, maxillary artery
  2. 2From which artery does the maxillary artery arise from?The external carotid artery
  3. 3Where does the external carotid artery end and what does it divide into?The parotid gland and it divides into the superficial temporal and maxillary arteries
  4. 4What are the attachments of the inguinal ligament?Anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle
  5. 5What are the borders of the femoral triangle?Superior is the inguinal ligament, lateral is the medial border of sartorius and medial is the medial border of adductor longus
  6. 6What forms the floor and the roof of the femoral triangle?The roof is formed by the fascia lata and the floor is formed by the pectineus, iliopsoas and adductor longus muscles
  7. 7From lateral to medial, what runs through the femoral canal?The femoral nerve, artery and vein and finally the femoral canal
  8. 8What contains the femoral artery, vein and canal?The femoral sheath (this is a fascial compartment)
  9. 9What runs in the femoral canal?Lymphatic vessels and a lymph node
  10. 10Where is the adductor hiatus, where does it begin and end?It starts at the apex of the femoral triangle and extends to the adductor hiatus
  11. 11What are the anterior, posterior and lateral muscular borders of the adductor canal?The anterior border is the sartorius, the posterior-medial is the adductor longus/magnus and the lateral is the vastus medialis.
  12. 12What do the femoral artery and vein become when they reach the end of the adductor canal?The popliteal artery and vein
  13. 13What are the contents of the adductor canal?The femoral artery, vein, nerve to the vastis medialis and the saphenous nerve (largest cutaneous branch of the femporal nerve)
  14. 14What are the 4 borders of the popliteal fossa?Superiomedial is the semimembranosus, superolateral is the biceps femoris, inferomedial is the medial head of gastrocnemius and inferolateral is the lateral head of the gastrocnemius and plantaris
  15. 15What forms the roof and floor of the popliteal fossa?The floor is formed by the posterior surface of the femur and the knee joint capsule. The roof is formed by the popliteal fascia and skin.
  16. 16What is the popliteal fascia continuous with superiorly?The fascia lata of the leg
  17. 17From medial to lateral what are the contents of the popliteal fossa?The popliteal artery, vein, the tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve
  18. 18What does the sciatic nerve bifurcate into?The tibial and common peroneal nerve
  19. 19Which vein does the small saphenous vein drain into?The popliteal vein
  20. 20Which artery does the popliteal artery continue from?The femoral artery
  21. 21How many tarsals are there?7
  22. 22What are the 2 proximal tarsal bones?Calcaneus and talus
  23. 23What are the 3 articulations of the talus?Superior (ankle joint) between the talus and the bones of the leg. Inferior between the talus and the calcaneus. Anterior between the talus and the navicular bone.
  24. 24What are the 2 artciulations of the calcaneus?The talus above (subtalar) and the calcaneocuboid joint.
  25. 25Where the achilles tendon attach?The calcaneal tuberosity
  26. 26Which bones are in the intermediate group of the foot?1, the navicular
  27. 27Which bones are in the distal group of the foot?The 3 cuneiform and the cuboid bone
  28. 28What muscle makes a mark along the inferior surface of the cuboid?The fibularis longus
  29. 29What bones make up the transverse arch of the foot?The 3 cuneiform and the cuboid
  30. 30Which muscles support the transverse arch of the foot?The peroneus longus and tibialis posterior
  31. 31What provides ligamentous support to the transverse arch of the foot?The plantar ligaments and deep transverse metatarsal ligaments
  32. 32What bones form the medial longitudinal arch of the foot?The talus, the calcaneus, the navicular, the cuneiforms and the first three metatarsals
  33. 33What muscles support the medial longitudinal arch?Tibialis anterior and posterior, fibularis longus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis, and the intrinsic foot muscles
  34. 34What bones form the lateral arch of the foot?The calcaneus, the cuboid, the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones
  35. 35What muscles support the lateral arch of the foot?The fibularis longus, the flexor digitorum longus, the flexor hallucis and the intrinsic foot muscles
  36. 36What muscles attach to the greater trochanter of the femur?The gluteus medius, minimus and the piriformis
  37. 37What muscles attach to the lesser trochanter of the femur?The psoas major and iliacus
  38. 38Whats the locational difference betwen the intertrochanteric line and crest?The IT line is on the front and the crest on the back
  39. 39There is a rounded tubercle on the superior part of the intertrochanteric crest, what is it and what attaches to it?This is the quadrate tubercle, the quadratus femoris attaches there
  40. 40What are the attachments of the pectineus?The pectineal line of the pubis to the pectineal line of the femur
  41. 41What attaches to the gluteal tuberosity?The gluteus maximus
  42. 42What is the origin of psoas major?It arises from the transverse processes of L1-5 and the sides of T12-L5.
  43. 43What is the insertion of psoas major?It joins the iliacus to insert on to the lesser trochanter of the femur
  44. 44What is the action of psoas major?It is a flexor of the hip and the trunk, it can flex the trunk on its own ipsilaterally
  45. 45What is the innervation of psoas major?Ventral rami of lumbar nerves L1-3
  46. 46What is the origin of iliacus?The inner surface of the wing of the ilium (the iliac fossa)
  47. 47What is the insertion of iliacus?The lesser trochanter of the femur (with psoas major)
  48. 48What is the action of iliacus?Along with psoas major it is a flexor at the hip and the trunk
  49. 49What is the innervation of iliacus?Femoral nerve (L2, 3 and 4)
  50. 50What is the origin of the tensor fascia latae muscle?The anterior superior iliac spine and the anterior portion of the iliac crest
  51. 51What is the insertion of the tensor fascia latae muscle?The iliotibial tract, which continues to insert into the lateral condyle of the femur
  52. 52What is the action of tensor fascia latae?The muscle flexes, abducts and medially rotates the thigh at the hip. It also stabilises the hip joint with gluteus maximus.
  53. 53What is the innervation of TFL?The superior gluteal nerve (L4, 5)
  54. 54What is the origin of sartorius?The anterior superior iliac spine
  55. 55What is the insertion of sartorius?The superior part of the medial shaft of the tibia, near to gracilis and semitendinosus
  56. 56What is the action of sartorius?It is a flexor, abductor and lateral rotator of the thigh at the hip joint. It also flexes the knee
  57. 57What is the innervation of sartorius?Femoral nerve (L2, 3)
  58. 58What is the origin of rectus femoris?It arises by 2 separate heads, one from the anterior inferior iliac spine and one from the ilium just superior to the acetabulum
  59. 59What is the insertion of rectus femoris?It inserts into the quadriceps tendon which inserts into the base of the patella and extends as the patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity. It is the only muscle to cross both the knee and hip joint
  60. 60What is the action of rectus femoris?It flexes the leg at the hip and extends the leg at the knee.
  61. 61What is the innervation of rectus femoris?Femoral nerve (L2, 3 and 4)
  62. 62What is the origin of the vastus lateralis?The greater trochanter of the femur/linea aspera (lateral lip)
  63. 63What is the insertion of the vastus lateralis?The tendon of rectus femoris to form the quadriceps tendon which inserts into the patella.
  64. 64What is the action of vastus lateralis?Leg extension at the knee
  65. 65What is the innervation?Femoral nerve (L2-4)
  66. 66What is the origin of the vastus intermedius?The anterior and lateral aspects of the femoral shaft
  67. 67What is the insertion of vastus intermedius?The quadriceps tendon
  68. 68What is the action of the vastus intermedius?Knee extension
  69. 69What is the innervation of the vastus intermedius?Femoral nerve (L2-4)
  70. 70What is the origin of vastus medialis?The Intertrochanteric line and the medial lip of the linea aspera
  71. 71What is the insertion of vastus intermedius?The quadriceps tendon
  72. 72What is the action of vastus intermedius?Knee extension
  73. 73What is the innervation of vastus intermedius?Femoral nerve (L2-4)
  74. 74Name the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?The 4 quadriceps femoris muscles, the sartorius, the pectineus, the iliacus and the psoas major.
  75. 75What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the thigh?The femoral nerve
  76. 76Which muscle in the anterior compartment of the thigh is technically not innervated by the femoral nerve?The psoas major (ventral rami of L1-3)
  77. 77What is the origin and insertion of the pectineus muscle?The pectineal line of the pubis to the pectineal line of the femur (just inferior to lesser trochanter)
  78. 78What is the action of pectineus?It adducts and flexes the thigh at the hip joint and assists with medial rotation
  79. 79What is the innervation of the pectineus?The femoral nerve (L2-3) and occasionally a branch of the obturator nerve
  80. 80What are the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?The 3 adductor muscles, the obturator externus and the gracilis
  81. 81What nerve innervates the medial compartment of the thigh?The obturator nerve
  82. 82What is the origin and insertion of the adductor longus?It originates from the body of the pubic bone and inserts on to the line aspera of the femur. It is the most anterior of the 3 adductors.
  83. 83What is the action and innervation of the adductor longus?It adducts the thigh, it also aids in flexion and medial rotaton. It is innervated by the anterior branch of the obturator nerve (L2-4)
  84. 84What is the origin and insertion of the adductor brevis muscle?It arises from the body and inferior ramus of the pubis and inserts on to the proximal portion of the linea aspera of the femur/pectineal line.
  85. 85What is the action and innervation of adductor brevis?It adducts the thigh along with some flexion and medial rotation, it is innervated by the obturator nerve (L2-4)
  86. 86What is the origin and insertion of the obturator externus?It originates from the obturator foramen and adjacent bone, it then passes under the neck of the femur and attaches to the posterior intertrochanteric fossa/greater trochanter.
  87. 87What is the action and innervation of the obturator externus?It laterally rotates the thigh, as well as steady the head of the femur in the acetabulum. It is innervated by the obturator nerve (L3/4).
  88. 88What are the origins and insertions of the adductor magnus?The adductor part arises from the inferior pubic ramus, the ischial ramus and attaches to the linea aspera of the femur. The hamstrings part arises from the ischial tuberosity and attaches to the adductor tubercle and medial supracondylar line of the femur.
  89. 89What is the action and innervation of the adductor magnus?It adducts the thigh, the adductor part can flex the thigh weakly and the hamstrings part can extend the thigh. The adductor part is innervated by the obturator nerve (L2-4) and the hamstrings part is innervated by the sciatic nerve (L4)/tibial nerve.
  90. 90What is the origin and insertion of the gracilis?It arises from the body and inferior ramus of the pubis, it inserts into the medial aspect of the upper portion of the tibia, just below the medial condyle.
  91. 91What are the actions and innervation of the gracilis?It adducts the thigh, flexes at the knee and when the knee is flexed it medially rotates.
  92. 92Which muscles make up the superficial gluteal group?The gluteus maximus, the gluteus medius, minimus and the tensor fascia latae
  93. 93What is the origin and insertion of the gluteus maximus?It airses from the posterior gluteal line of the ilium, the dorsal surface of the sacrum and the sacrotuberous ligamanent. It inserts on to the iliotibial tract, some also attach to the gluteal tuberosity of the femur
  94. 94What is the action and innervation of the gluteus maximus?The action is to extend and laterally rotate the thigh at the hip, it may also have a role in adduction and abduction. It is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
  95. 95What is the origin and insertion of the gluteus medius muscle?Arises from the external surface of the ilium between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines, to insert on to the greater trochanter of the femur
  96. 96What is the action and innervation of the gluteus medius muscle?It is a strong abductor and medial rotator of the thigh at the hip joint. It is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve (L5/S1).
  97. 97What is the origin and insertion of the gluteus minimus muscle?It arises from the external surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines. It inserts onto the greater trochanter of the femur
  98. 98What is the action and innervation of the gluteus minimus muscle?It abducts and medially rotates the thigh at the hip. It is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve (L5/S1)
  99. 99The gluteus maximus originates from the dorsal surface of the sacrum and which other bone?The coccyx
  100. 100The gluteus medius and minimus flex the hip joint, true or false?False
  101. 101The gluteus medius and minimus extend the hip?False
  102. 102The gluteus medius and minimus adduct the hip?False
  103. 103The gluteus medius and minimus abduct and medially rotate the hip?True
  104. 104How do the gluteus medius and minimus help with walking?They act to tilt the pelvis when walking to allow the opposite leg to clear the ground
  105. 105Which muscles are found in the deep group of gluteal muscles?The piriformis, the superior and inferior gemelli, the obturator internus and the quadratus femoris
  106. 106When looking at the posterior side of the leg, which order do the deep gluteal muscles appear going down?The piriformis, the superior gemellus, the obturator internus, the inferior gemellus and the quadratus femoris

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Flashcards on OSCE Sem 3, created by Oscar Pope on 20/01/2017.
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Oscar Pope
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