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- 1What 2 categories can LTM be divided into?Explicit (or declaritive) - futher divided into episodic & semantic which are consciously recalled.
Implicit - automatic or unconscious and incorporates procedural memory. - 2What 2 types of LTM did Tulving (1983) suggest?Semantic & Episodic differ in type of info retained, that the encoding process in the same.
Episodic memory: storage & retrieval of specific events. Requires contexual knowledge ie. time & place event occured.
Semantic memory: knowledge that does not have contexual elements like time & space & can be viewed as general knowledge. eg. capital ciet of france - 3What is implicit memory?Where performance on a task is facilitated in the absence of conscious recollection. A form of implicit memory is procedural, where actions are performed e.g. driving, writing, etc. Implicit memory taks differ from explicit memory tasks in that participants will not be instructed to remember info but will be tested on it. Data supportimg implicit memory comes from Squire (1987): brian damaged patients who have impaired explicit but intact implicit memory.
- 4What are the strengths or weaknesses of implicit/explicit memory?Criticism: terms 'implicit' & 'explicit' have no indication to memory structure because they are descriptive concepts that are concerned with a persons psychological experience at the time of retrievel according to Schacter (1987).
Criticism: although 2 processes do appear independent of each other, it is also unclear whether there is just 1 type of implicit memory or whether there are several. - 5What is Craik & Lockhart (1972) LOP model?Memory does not consist of seperate stores, but is a continuum along which depth of encoding varies. The likelihood of info being remembered is related to depth of processing occuring at encoding.
- 6What is LTM?Used in variety of ways e.g. recognise friends, solve crosswords, & remember content from lecture. Several processes responsible for storing info in LTM: attention, repetition & rehearsal. Without attention info cannot be consciously processed. To store info it needs to be consciously attended to.
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- Flashcards on Untitled, created by shanelkamara on 11/05/2013.
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