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- 1when does energy transfer take place?* one object exerts a force on the other object and makes it move. ( one object doing work on another object)
*energy transferred by heating effect because of a temperature difference between two objects. - 2how do you increase internal energy* energy transfer by heating the object
*work done on the object - 3the first law of thermodynamics?the change of thermal energy of an object =
the total energy transfer due to work done and heating - 4define internal energythe internal energy of an object is the sum of the random distribution of the kinetic and potential energies of its molecules.
- 5what is thermal equalibriumwhen no overall heat transfer occurs between two objects of the same temperature
- 6what is absolute zerothe lowest possible temperature. 0K.
an object has minimum internal energy at this temperature - 7What is the triple point of waterits 273.16K
which is the temperature which ice, water, and water vapour co-exist - 8formula for absolute temperature in kelvinkelvin = temperature in degree + 273.16
- 9what does the temperature rise on an object depend on* the mass of the object
* the amount of energy supplied to it
* te substance or substances its made from - 10define specific heat capacity , cthe energy needed to raise the temperature of unit mass of the substance by 1K without change of state.
the unit of c is JKg^-1 K^-1 - 11The formula for the energy needed to rise the temperature of mass, m of a substance from temperature t1 to temperature t2the energy needed, Q = mc(t2-t1)
- 12inversion tube experiment.the gravitational potential energy of the falling objects gets converted to internal energy when it hits the bottom of the tube
- 13formula for electrical energy suppliedcurrent x voltage x time
- 14experiment for specific heat capacitydo it
- 15define specific latent heat of fusionthe energy needed to change the state of unit mass of the substance from solid to a liquid without change of temperature.
- 16latent heat of vapourisationthe energy needed to change the state of unit mass of a substance from liquid to vapour without change in temperature.
- 17define sublimationwhen solids vapourise directly when heated
- 18formula for the energy to change state of mass, mQ= mass x specific latent heat, L
- 19Graph of temperature against time
- 20formula and units for pressureformula = force per unit area
Pa or Nm^-2 - 21define boyle's lawfor a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, its pressure x its volume is constant. a gas that obeys Boyle's law is said to be an ideal gas.
pressure is inversely proportional to the volume - 22graph of Boyle's law pressure against volume
- 23Boyle's law graph pressure against 1/ volume
- 24define Charles lawfor a fixed mass of ideal gas at constant pressure, its volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
- 25graph of Charles law
- 26define pressure lawfor a fixed mass of an ideal gas at constant volume, its pressure is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
- 27graph of pressure law
- 28define molar massthe mass of one mole of a substance.
unit is kg mol^-1 - 29formula for number of molesmass in kg / molar mass
- 30formula for number of moleculesnumber of moles x Avogadro constant
- 31The ideal gas equation
- 32define molecular massthe sum of all of the masses of all the atoms that make up a molecule
- 33the equation for state of an ideal gasthe equation with boltzmann constant
- 34the assumptions of molecules in a gas ideal gas*the molecules are point molecules. the volume of each molecule is negligible compared with the volume of the gas.
*the motion of molecules follow newtons law.
*the molecules continually move about randomly
*collision between each other or the wall of a container are perfectly elastic. no overall loss in KE.
* any forces that act during collisons last for much less time than the time between collisons. - 35explain an experiment to investigate the effect of pressure on volume. draw the diagram for the experiementBoyles law check your notes
- 36explain an experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on volume. draw the diagram of the experimentCharles law
- 37derive the kinetic energy theory equationcheck your notes
- 38briefly explain the results of Brownian motioncheck notes
- 39formula for the work done when pressure is constantwork done = pressure x change in volume
- 40isothermal changeany change at constant temperature.
like boyles law - 41isobaric changeany change at constant pressure. like charles law
- 42the formula for heat capacityheat capacity, C =mass x specific heat capacity.
- 43what does specific meanper unit mass
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- A level Physics (thermal physics) Flashcards on Untitled, created by Mohamed Essa on 03/04/2017.
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- Mohamed Essa
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