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effective development (12 steps)

Step 1: overall plan

Step 2: definition of contents

Step 3: test specifications

Step 4: item development

Step 5: test design and assembly

Step 6: test production

Step 7: test administration

Step 8: scoring responses of the examination

Step 9: passing scores

Step 10: reporting socres

Step 11: item ranking

Step 12: technical report

realistic timeline

quality control issues defined

what controls are going to be used

various methods are defined depending the purposse

operational definition of content

type of testing that is going to be used

development of effective test items

designing and creating test forms, balance of correct answers

publishing activities

validity issues and control

standardization and proctoring

create measurements

relative and absolute standars

accuracy and absolute clarity

flexible and adaptable

systematically documented