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3.3 Two Basic Rules of Probability: multiplication and addition
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3.3 Two Basic Rules of Probability
When calculating probability, there are two rules to consider when determining if two events are independent or dependent and if they are mutually exclusive or not.
The Multiplication Rule
If A and B are two events defined on a sample space, then: P(A AND B) = P(B)P(A|B).
The Addition Rule
If A and B are independent, then P(A|B) = P(A). Then P(A AND B) = P(A|B)P(B) becomes P(A AND B) = P(A)P(B).
If A and B are defined on a sample space, then: P(A OR B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A AND B).
If A and B are mutually exclusive, then P(A AND B) = 0. Then P(A OR B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A AND B) becomes P(A OR B) = P(A) + P(B).
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- Flowchart on Untitled, created by Olga Mueses on 10/02/2023.
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