Ahmad cannot run

Ahmad cannot run

1. anatomy

   • bones of the foot
   • plantar aponeurosis
   • muscles of foot
   • ligaments of foot
   • tendon of foot
   • arteries of foot
   • nerves of foot

2. gait

   • human locomotion, or way of walking
     • described in all its process as gait cycle
       • has two phases
         • stance
           • interval when foot is on the ground
         • swing
           • interval which foot is not in contact with ground
     • can be abnormal in some people

3. genetic disorder that affect skeletal muscles

   • Duchennes's muscular dystophy
     • caused by absence of dystrophin
       • inherited as x-linked recessive
     • investigation
       • CK
       • biopsy
       • western blot
       • genetic testing
         • PCR
         • sequencing
       • EMG
     • pathophysiology
     • signs and symptoms
     • clinical manifestation
       • Gower's sign
     • no treatment is currently available
       • but can be managed
         • drug therapy
           • antibiotics
           • anticonvulsants
           • immunosuppressant
         • physical therapy
         • a new approach is used
           • genetic therapy
             • correcting genes responsible for disease development
   • Becker's muscular dystrophy
     • decrease of dystrophin
       • how is it different from BMD?
   • Emery-dreifuss dystrophy
   • myotonic dystrophy
   • scapuloperoneal syndrome

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