Vibration and Waves

Vibration and Waves

1. Periodic Motion

   • Motions that repeat in regular cycle.
   • The period is the time needed for an object to become nonzero and the amplitude of an object is to repeat the maximum distance the objects move from the equilibrium position.
   • Simple harmonic motion
     • Any system in which the force acting to restore an object to its equilibrium position is directly proportional to the displacement of the object and shows simple harmonic motion,
   • Hooks Law
     • A spring that exerts a force directly proportional to the distance stretched.
     • Hooks Law and Potential Energy
       • When you stretch a spring you transfer energy to the spring giving it elastic potential energy.

2. Wave Properties

   • amplitude is the height of the wave, wavelength is the distance and period is the time it takes.

3. Wave Behavior

   • the bending of the path of the wave.

4. simple pendulum

   • consists on a massive object called the bob, suspended by a string of light rod or length.

5. Resonance

   • occurs when forces are applied to a vibrating or oscillating object at time intervals equal to the period of oscillation.

6. wave

   • a disturbance that carries energy through matter or space without transferring matter.
   • wave pulse
     • single bump that travels to a medium.
   • transverse wave
     • direction of where the wave travels.
   • periodic wave
     • it is generated if there is disturbance.
   • longitudinal wave
     • occurs when the disturbance is parallel to the direction of the wave´s travel.
   • surface wave
     • waves that are deep in a lake or an ocean.
   • incident wave
     • the pulse that strikes the boundary,
   • reflected wave
     • the returning wave

7. wavelength

   • trough
   • crest
   • wavelength

8. frequency

   • the number of oscillations a point that wave makes each second.

9. principle of superposition

   • states that the displacement of a medium is the algebraic sum of of the displacements caused by individual waves.
     • the result is called the interference.