Quantum Mechanics

Quantum Mechanics

1. Wave mechanics

   • Electron is a wave and is in orbitals
   • Wave particle duality
     • Only small particles can behave as particle or waves 
     • De Broglie relation
       • Suggests that all matter can have characteristics of particle and waves 
       • λ= h/mv
         • shows that short wavelength have high momentum vice versa
       • Electrons are diffracted by molecules but small wavelength have no diffraction
   • Schrodinger Equation
     • describes how electron behave in energy field.
     • Solving Schrodinger equation
       • Electron waves in 1D
         • Particle in a box: Length L with zero height and width Potential energy = 0 inside the box and infinity at the wall
         • Electon waves must satisfy certain conditions
           • Zero amplitude at the wall.  only certain waves are allowed  Half and full wavelengths.  Waves must be curved, continuous and non- zero elsewhere because the curvation is the kinetic energy and the electron must always have energy 
         • Wavefunction = wave height at point x
         • Energy of wave =
           • n= 1,2 , 3 
           • Zero point energy
             • n=1.  Even at the lowest energy, the electron does not have zero energy 

2. Bohr Model

   • Only allow orbits with certai radii

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