Grammatical Metalenguage

Grammatical Metalenguage

1. It's the language to describe language.

   • Subsentential Level
     • Identify word classes: structural or formal characteristics
       • Parts of Speech categories:
         • Mayor Parts of Speech
           • The content or meaning of a sentence
             • The content words are:
               • Verbs
                 • Semantic criteria
                   • They denote action or state of being.
                 • Functional criteria
                   • They may be fowowed by:
                     • Adjectives
                     • Adverbs
                     • other Nouns
                   • Verbs follow nouns
                   • Diffetent types:
                     • Linking verb
                       • They follow the verb links to the subject
                     • Transitive verb
                       • Followed by Direct Objet
                     • Complex Transitive verb
                       • They follow the object relates to the objects
                     • Intransitive verb
                       • Don't fowow objects
                     • Ditransitive verb
                       • they take 2 objects: io & do
                     • Prepositional verb
                       • They require a prepositional phrase to complete meaning
                 • Structural criteria
                   • Number
                   • Aspect
                   • Types of Inflections tense
                     • In the Present form: 3rd person singular
                       • Add -s
                     • In the Past form
                       • Add -ed
                     • In the Past Participle
                       • Add -en
                     • In the Present Participle
                       • Add -ing
               • Nouns
                 • Semantic criteria
                   • It's the name of a/an
                     • Person
                     • Thing
                     • Place
                     • Idea
                       • only Abstract nouns
                   • Types
                     • Common nouns
                       • types
                         • Countable
                         • Uncountable
                     • Collective nouns
                     • Proper nouns
                 • Functional criteria
                   • Subjects of verbs
                   • Direct objects of verbs
                   • Subject noun predicates
                   • Object noun predicates
                   • Indirect objects of verbs
                   • Appositives
                   • Objects of prepositions
                   • Vocatives
                 • Structural criteria
                   • Grammatical morphemes
                     • Plural inflection
                       • only Countable nouns
                         • Add -s
                     • Possessive inflection
                       • 's
                         • like girl's
                   • Derivational mophemes
                     • They change other words (adj.) into nouns
                       • Add -ness
                       • Add -dom
                       • Add -ment
               • Adjectives
                 • Semantic criteria
                   • Word that describes a quality of something
                 • Structural criteria
                   • No number or gender
                   • Occur between determiner and noun
                   • certain Derivational morphemes are associated to adj: -able, -ish, -ful, -y
                   • After the verb To be or other linking verbs: look, get, stay, feel, etc.
                   • some Adjectives have inflectional morphemes for:
                     • Comparative forms: -er
                     • Superlative forms: -est
                 • Functional criteria
                   • They modify or complement nouns
                   • They can be:
                     • Attributive
                       • before a Noun
                     • Predicative
                       • after a Linking Verb
               • Adverbs
                 • Semantic criteria
                   • Words that modify verbs
                   • Common types:
                     • Time
                     • Location
                     • Direction
                     • Manner
                     • Frequency
                 • Functional criteria
                   • Flexible
                     • Initial
                     • Mid
                     • Final
                   • Primary function
                     • Modify verbs
                 • Structural criteria
                   • Manner adverbs are the only ones with: distinctive inflections
                     • Add -ly
         • Minor Parts of Speech
           • The structural role in a sentence
             • The funtion or functors words are:
               • Prepositions
                 • Semantic and Funtion criteria
                   • They connect words to other parts of a sentence.
                   • They are close with the word that follows, such as noun.
                 • Srtuctural criteria
                   • they are one word: in; on; from
                   • They can be two or three: out of; on top of; in the middle
               • Pronouns
                 • Functional criteria
                   • Different types
                     • Subject
                     • Object
                     • Demonstrative
                     • Possessive
                     • Reflexive
                 • Structural criteria
                   • Proximity
                   • Number
                   • Gender
                   • Person
                 • Semantic criteria
                   • Refer to or replace nouns
                   • Used as a direct reference
               • Determiners
                 • Structural criteria
                   • Possessive determiners
                     • distinguish by
                       • singular or plural Number
                       • feminine or masculine Gender
                       • 1st; 2nd and 3rd Person
                 • Functional criteria
                   • Precede the noun or noun phrase
                   • Precede the adjective
                   • Types
                     • Demonstratives
                     • Articles
                     • Possessive determiners
                 • Semantic criteria
                   • Determiners limit the nouns that follow them
               • Conjunctions
                 • Semantic criteria
                   • Words that join
                 • Structural and functional criteria
                   • types
                     • Coordinating
                       • They join elements that are grammatically equal.
                       • such as: and, but, or
                     • Subordinating
                       • They join a subordinate clause to a main clause.
                       • such as: because, however, when, etc.
                       • Adverbial subordinators
     • It's the morpho-syntax of language.