Memory key words

Memory key words

1. Functions of memory

   • 1. Encoding: Putting information into the brain into a code that the brain understands.
   • 2. Storage: Keeping the information there until we need it.
   • 3. Retrieval: Getting the information back when we need it.

2. Levels of processing Memory: The depth at which information is thought about when trying to learn it.

   • 1. Structural: Thinking about the physical appearance of words.
   • 2. Phonetic: Thinking about the sounds of words.
   • 3. Semantic: Thinking about the meaning of words.

3. The Multi-store memory model

   • 1. Sensory store: Holds information received from our senses for a short period of time.
   • 2. Short-term store: Can hold up to 7 (+ or - 2) "chunks of memory. New information pushes old information out.
   • 3. Long-term store: Has a very large store and information can stay in there indefinitely.

4. Reconstructive memory model: Altering our recollection of things so that they make more sense to us.

5. Interference: Things that we have learnt to make it difficult to recall other information that we have learnt.

   • 1. Retroactive Interference: When information we have recently learnt hinders our ability to recall information we have learnt previously.
   • 2. Proactive Interference: When Information we have already learnt hinders our ability to recall new information.

6. Brain Damage:

   • Anterograde amnesia: Due to damage to the brain people may be unable to remember new things.
   • Retrograde amnesia: People may lose information from events before the brain damage occurred.