Reference and deixis

Reference and deixis

1. DEIXIS

   • means ‘pointing’ via language.‘  Any linguistic form used to accomplish ‘pointing’ is called a deictic expression. Words like here, there, this, that, now and then, as well as most pronouns, such as I, we, you, he, her and them
   • TYPES
     • SPATIAL
       • To indicate location
     • TEMPORAL
       • To indicate time
     • PERSON
       • To indicate people

2. REFERENCE

   • is when language is used to refer to something in the world.
   • TYPES
     • variable reference
       • Refer to different type 0f that object
         • EXAMPLE
         • The word book has a real object or appearance in the world.
     • Constant reference
       • Refer to the same thing
         • America has a real appearance and also can be defined in other words or expressions.

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