LA MAMA

LA MAMA

1. Histology

   • The breast is made up of 2 types of tissue
     • Epitelial
       • Most important tissue in charge of upholstering or covering the interior of the ductal and lobular-acinar system
         • Galactophoric system: formed by a set of 15 to 20 lobes for each breast, which in turn have lobules.
           • They drain through joined ducts interlobular duct galactophoric
             • They drain into the galactophore sinus lactiferous and empties into the nipple producing lactopoiesis (production and secretion of milk).
     • Conjunctive
       • It is made up of 3 types:
         • lax: located enter the system ductacinar or stroma intralobular.
         • Dense: constituted by the system ligamentous of Cooper.
         • Fat: occupies the space subcutaneous, intraglandular and retroglandular.
     • Vascularization
       • Internal mammary: It is born in the subclavian and runs down the back of the costal cartilages
       • Lateral thoracic or mammary external: born towards the end of the subclavian artery, behind the pectoralis minor.
       • Posterior intercostal: They are direct branches of the aorta and travel from behind to long spaces intercostals.
       • Acromiothoracic: It is a branch of the axillary and gives a lateral to the acromioclavicular joint.
       • subscapular or thoracic upper: branches of the subclavian and axillary.
   • Lymphatic system
     • Allows drainage through the lymph nodes reabsorption of macromolecules that can cause disease to the breast.

2. Embryology

   • It develops in thickening of the ectoderm of the primitive embryonic disc) during the 5th or 6th gestation week.
   • Extends from the axillary region to the mammary crest
   • In women, breast development is evaluated using the Taner stage:
     • Stage I: In ages between 7 and 9 years, no we found breast tissue on palpation, only nipple and areola depigmented
     • Stage II: In ages between 9 and 10 years, begins to develop breast tissue under the areola.
     • Estadio III: En edades entre los 11 y 12 años, la etapa de la pubertad, se va desarollando el crecimiento de la mama, la areola y el pezon.
     • Stage IV: At ages between 13 and 14 years, evidence more breast growth, more pigmentation and shape of the areola.
     • Stage V: Corresponds to the total development of the breast where the nipple protrudes and the areola adapts to the size of the breast.

3. Anatomy

   • MAMMARY GLAND: they are modified sweat glands that are behind the pectoral, composed of tissue fatty, areola, nipple, muscle, lobes lobular ducts.
   • Cooper's ligamentous system: tissue conjunctive that allows the fixation of the breast to the chest wall.
   • The breast is divided into quadrants with imaginary lines

Images and files in the map