Soil Mind Map 1

Soil Mind Map 1

1. Hydrosphere

   • Water
   • 25%

2. Biosphere

   • Organisms
   • 5%

3. Atmosphere

   • Air & Gasses
   • 25%

4. Lithosphere

   • Rocks & Minerals
   • 45%

5. O = Organic Matter

   • A = Topsoil
     • E = Eluviation Layer
       • B = Subsoil
         • C = Partially Weathered Rocks
           • R = Bedrock
             • Solid Rock
           • Broken rocks
         • Sand, Clay, Silt
       • Leached minerals
     • Most fertile soil
   • Debris & organisms

6. Major Soil Orders of Ontario

   • Luvisol
     • Northern & Southern ON - 40%
   • Podzol
     • Northern Ontario - 16%
   • Gleysol
     • Dull Grey Colour - 9%
   • Cryosols = Most extensive soil type in Canada

7. Photosytnthesis

   • Water, Nutrients, Light required
   • Only plants with chlorophyl can PS
   • Respiration = Opposite of PS

8. Simple Carbohydrates

   • Produced then stored or burned
   • Burned to produce complex nutrient compounds
     • Compounds contain Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (CHO)

9. Aggregates

   • Compounded lumps of material
   • Made from smaller soil particles

10. Mottles

    • Mottled areas of colour distribution in the soil profile
    • Often yellow or red-ish in colour
    • Indicates Iron or Rust
    • Indicates drainage issues

11. 3 Colour Components

    • Hue
      • Spectral Colour
    • Value
      • Light/Darkness
    • Chroma
      • Spectral/Greyness

12. 3 Types of Soil

    • Sand
      • Particles between 2.0mm-0.05mm
    • Silt
      • Particles between 0.05-0.002mm
    • Clay
      • less than 0.002mm particles