Coginitve

Coginitve

1. Models of Memory

   • 3 processes of memory

2. Memory Processes

   • 3 processes of memory
     • Encoding
     • Storgae
     • Retrieval
   • Serial Position Curve
     • Postman & Phillips (1965) and Glanzer & Cunitz (1966)
     • Free recall (any order) of words tested immediate recall or recall after a short delay
     • Results (immediate recall): Last few items recalled well (recency effect), beginning quite well (primacy effect) and middle poorly
       • Middle poor because short-term info was lost (displaced)
     • Supports MSM recency effect is STM and primacy effect LTM
   • Multi-Store model of memory (Atkinson & Shriffin)
     • 3 componets
       • Sensory memory
         • Most info decays almost immediately
         • Info in unprocessed form
       • Short-term memory
         • Limited capacity of around 20 seconds
         • Encoding is largely in acoustic form
       • Long-term memory
         • If info is rehearsed then it is transferred into LTM
         • LTM has unlimited capacity and potentialy unlimited duration - lost if not rehearsed regularly
     • Miller recalled lines and average capacity of STM was 7 +/- 2
     • Clive Wearing case shows LTM intact but couldnt create new memories in STM
       • Not just single store difference between STM an dLTM
     • Weaknesses of MSM is that STM is single store. Baddely & Hitch (1974) developed STM
   • Working memory model