Population Dynamics

Population Dynamics

1. Past, present and future of global popultions

   • The world population was under 1 billion in 1750
   • By 1930 it grew to 2 billion
   • By 2011 it grew to 7 billion
   • The UN predicts that by 2050 population will be 9.3 billion
   • A range of 2.5 billion is applied because we can't tell if birth or death rates will increase
   • Demand on recources from a world population of 10.6 billion in 2050 would be higher than 8.1 billion

2. Why does population change?

   • Birth Rate increase (Births per 1000 in a year)
   • Death Rate Decrease (Deaths per 1000 per year)
   • Natural increase could increase
     • Birth Rate - Death Rate or Death Rate - Birth Rate
   • Life Expectancy could increase
     • The average age the population die of
   • Infant Mortality could decrease
     • The number of children that die each year per 1000
   • Fertility Rate
     • The number of children women have in their lifetime.

3. Population Structures

   • When population increases it effects other things
     • Healthcare costs and demands rise, and in the UK this can have pressure on the NHS
     • The cost of long-term residential care and nursing homes for the elderly is rising
     • As the number of people of the age of 65 rises, the number of working-age people fall
     • A shortage of workers for offices and factories is an issue in Japan today

4. Comparing Countries

   • Countries have lower/higher populations due to
     • Differences in birth and death rates
     • Differences in the numbers of people migrating in and out of the country
   • Different levels of development
     • MEDC
       • Japan
         • Base of population pyramid narrow
         • Japan has a 'top heavy' pyramid with many people of retirement age
           • Ageing population
     • LEDC
       • Nigeria
         • Population pyramid has a wide bottom- youthful population
         • Birth rates are high; life expectancy low, death rates also high
   • Economic Growth
     • In Japan, children are seen as a cost
     • In Nigeria children are seen as work assests
   • Migration
     • Migration boosts countries population
       • Immigration in the UK has increased population by 2.4 million
     • In Japan immigration is low
     • 300,000 people look for better jobs came from Nigeria
   • War and Conflict
     • This often leads to lower amounts of men in a country
       • In the 1st world war immigration increased as other people came to the aid of the english
         • This formed the commonwealth

5. TEST YOUR SELF (THIS CAN ONLY BE DONE WHEN ONLINE)

   • Population Dynamics-Quiz

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