Population dynamics

Population dynamics

1. Population growth

   • Population explosion
   • Larger in LEDCs
     • World population 1700-2100

2. Effects of population growth on people

   • Over-population
   • Economic benefits
     • Increase in demand
       • More work
         • More jobs
           • Less unemployment
       • More products made
         • Cheaper production
           • Economies of scale
           • Lower sale price
             • Increase in local and international (exports) sales
               • More money for the country
                 • Improved standard of living

3. Why did the population explosion happen?

   • Economic - Children at work
   • Care of the elderly - children can take care of their elders
   • Infant mortality - more children, more chances that one of them will survive
   • Life expectancy - Ageing population
     • Medicicine
     • Farming
       • Technology
     • Awareness

4. Stages of the population explosion

   • Stage 1 (18th - 19th century)
     • In the earliest industrialised countries - Europe
       • Factories needed workers
       • Towns became more populated
       • Lower infant mortality rate
         • Higher fertility rate
   • Stage 2 (20th century)
     • Life expectancy increased due to an improve in health care
       • Increased difference between death and birth rate (decreased by 2.6 between 1950 and 2014)
         • Population explosion slowed down
           • Expensive survival
           • Control policies - 1 child policy
           • Lower fertility rate
             • Lower infant mortality
           • Career decisions - women principles change (less babies, more education)

5. Why do populations grow at different rates?

   • Birth rate
     • Pro-natalist & anti-natalist policies
       • One child policy (China)
       • Carte Familles Nombreuses (France)
     • Family income
     • Infant mortality rate
   • Death rate
     • Old age
     • Diseases & Infections
     • Natural hazards!
     • Human conflicts!
   • International migration
   • • • Also causes of a change in population size

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