Chinese Population

Chinese Population

1. Modern Chinese population

   • Total population: 1.29 billion (3 times densely populated than world ave)
     • Population in mainland: 36.22%
     • rural 63.28%
     • low urbanization rate
   • Age and Gender
     • 0-14yrs:22.99%, 15-64yrs: 70.15%, above 65: 6.96%
     • Female: 51.63% Male 48.37%
       • female to male ratio slightly higher than world average
   • Households and its population
     • mainland within 1,2 billion there are 348 households and remaining population from the total population are those who do not own household
       • 3.44 person per house (but most of the Chinese houses have nuclear family, sometimes including until 2 generations of family)
   • Ethic groups and its composition
     • There are 56 ethic groups
       • Han Chinese 91.59%
       • 55 minor groups: 8.41%
         • minor group will begin to increase faster than Han Chinese
   • Education Structure
     • college education 3.61% senior middle school 11.15% junior middle school 33.91% primary 35.7%
     • illiterates above the age 15: 6.72%

2. Changes in Chinese Population History

   • shift in up and downs but gradually increased
     • 4million years ago high birth rate, high mortality rate, low population growth
       • Xia dynasty: 10 million
         • 2nd AD 59 million
           • after this due to war and hunger decreased population growth
             • Emperor Kangxi increase 100million
               • Qing: gradual increase to 412.81 million
                 • Ming: prosperity of life (development of medicine), decrease in death rate
                   • New China: recovery of economy ( increase in public health system , increase in living standards)
                     • 1958-1961 (increase in natal disasters) increase in death rate, decrease population growth
                       • national economy 1962 gets better results in high reproduction and increase in population
                         • 1972, Central Committed of Chinese Communist Party
                           • publicized and promoted family plan as a result, decrease burt rate from 28% to 13% in 2000
               • years of prosperity of Emperor Quanfong (1736-1795)
                 • policy change, change in socioeconomic condition
                   • policy: under reporting of number of household member to evade tax and number of tax did not equate increase in tax thus it stimulated increase in population growth

3. Population Development Trends

   • Trend of Population quality Improvement
     • Quality
       • quality includes: physical ( morality rate and life expectancy rate), cultural, educational
     • quantity
   • Trend of Aging
     • age above 65: 1.3% in 2000-2010 to 3.4 and expected increase every 10 years
   • Trend of Urbanization
     • 1920s open policy made there trend to increase by 0.73% and expected to increase yearly
   • Trend of Relative Stability in population geographical
     • China is geologically unbalanced
       • example: Yuunan 52% in area but only 5% of the population lives in Yunnan On the other hand, in the east, having 48% land 95% of the population occupies the land