Case Study 4- Rural to Urban Migration (Caatinga to Sao Paulo)

Case Study 4- Rural to Urban Migration (Caatinga to Sao Paulo)

1. Where?

   • From Caatinga in Northeast Brazil to Sao Paulo
     • Up to 25,000 people have migrated

2. Why?

   • Push Factors:
     • Low unreliable rainfall
     • Difficult for farmers to produce enough food to sustain their subsistence way of life
     • No piped water, electricity or sanitation
     • Lck of schools and clinics in the area
   • Pull Factors:
     • Jobs in the cities like Sao Paulo
     • Better transport
     • The bright lights and glamour of the city

3. Positive Effects on the area left behind:

   • More land available
   • Increase in food supplies and QOL
   • Money earned and send back by migrant workers whom help improve facilities and QOL of people left behind

4. Negative Effects on the area left behind:

   • The most able leave the village so that young people and old people start working which means young people cannot carry on with their education anoymore
   • Negative effect on social activities and recreation
   • Population rates has an major drop