First Programs

First Programs

1. 1. What is an algorithm: A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.

   • 2. What is a programming language: Is a special language programmers use to develop software programs, scripts, or other sets of instructions for computers to execute.
     • 3. Do you know any classification of programming languages: Machine languages, that are interpreted directly in hardware
       • 4. What is a compiler: Program that converts instructions into a machine-code or lower-level form so that they can be read and executed by a computer.
         • 5. Which language are we going to use for the class: C++
           • 6. What is a source code: A text listing of commands to be compiled or assembled into an executable computer program.
             • 7. What is an object code: Code produced by a compiler or assembler.
               • 8. What is an assembly code: Is a portion of machine code that hasn't yet been linked into a complete program. It's the machine code for one particular library or module that will make up the completed product. It may also contain placeholders or offsets not found in the machine code.
                 • 9 Difference between compiling and linking : -- Compilation refers to the processing of source code files (.c, .cc, or .cpp) and the creation of an 'object' file. This step doesn't create anything the user can actually run. -- Linking refers to the creation of a single executable file from multiple object files. In this step, it is common that the linker will complain about undefined functions (commonly, main itself).
                   • 10. What is an executable code: Software in a form that can be run in the computer. It typically refers to machine language, which is the set of native instructions the computer carries out in hardware.
                     • 11. What is programming/coding :Computer programming, also known as coding, is the process of creating software.
                       • 12. What are some characteristics of C: - Small size, Extensive use of function calls, Loose typing - unlike PASCAL, Structured language, Low level (BitWise) programming readily available, Pointer implementation - extensive use of pointers for memory, array, structures and functions. It has high-level constructs. It can handle low-level activities. It produces efficient programs. It can be compiled on a variety of computers.
                         • 13. What are the main phases/steps of making/coding a program: Define the problem  Design the program  Code the program  Test the program
                           • 14. Scientific method: Ask question, Do background research, Construc a hypotesis, Test your hypotesis by doing an experiment, analyze your data and draw a conclusion, Report your results.
                             • 15. Problem analysis: FUSE, Find the important numbers and words, Understand what the problem is asking, Select a strategy and tools to solve the problem, Explain your thinking and prove your answer.