Hayward Booklet 2

Hayward Booklet 2

1. The Working Memory Model (WMM)

   • Layout
     • Central Executive
     • Evidence
       • For
         • Shallice & Warrington
           • Studied KF. KF struggled with audio > Visual
             • Therefore audio and visual dealt with seperately
               • Therefore supporting WMM
         • Bunge et Al.
           • FMRI scans
             • Dual tasking requires more brain power than single tasking
               • More brain used when dealing with visual and audio information
                 • Suggesting that different areas of the brain deal with visual and audio information
                   • Supports WMM with idea of separate components
   • Str/Wea
     • Strengths
       • More in-depth than MSM
         • Explains cases such as KF
           • Has strong supporting evidence, unlike MSM
             • Potential use for diagnosis of mental disorders
     • Weaknesses
       • Vague Central Executive
         • Potentially >1 CE, shown by EVR
           • Supporting evidence comes from studies of brain damage. This is inaccurate because state of mind prior to development of damage is unknown, and findings cannot be applied to wider population
             • Other support studies are lab experiments, lacking in ecological validity and mundane realism

2. EWT

   • MLI
     • Elizabeth Loftus
       • Traffic experiment
         • 45 students
           • 7 films of traffic accidents
             • Control group had "hit"
               • Others had smashed,collided, bumped, contacted
       • Traffic experiment 2
         • All had questionnaires
           • 1 set had "smashed"
             • 16/50 said they saw glass
           • 1 set had "hit"
             • 7/50 said they saw glass
               • No actual glass.
           • 1 set no question on speed
             • 6/50 said they saw glass
   • Age
     • Parker and Carranza
     • Yarmey
     • Memon
     • Anastasi and Rhodes
       • P's divided into three groups.
         • Shown 24 images
           • Shown 48 images, 24 originals
             • Each group had