Science Revision

Science Revision

1. Waves

   • Sound Waves
     • Type: Longitudinal
     • They can travel through solids, liquids and gases
     • Cannot travel through a vacuum (like space)
       • This is because sound moves by vibrating off of particles in solids, liquids and gases but since there are no particles in a vacuum the waves cannot move forward
     • Sound is detected by ears and microphones
     • It can be reflected and refracted
     • Speed of sound is 343 m/s
   • Light waves
     • Type: Transverse
     • They can only travel through solids, liquids and gases if they are translucent or transparent
     • Can travel through a vacuum
     • Light is detected by eyes and cameras
     • It can be reflected and refracted
     • Speed of light is 300,000,000 m/s

2. Reflection/Refraction

   • The incident ray is the light going towards the mirror
   • The reflected ray is the light coming away from the mirror
   • Refraction is when a light goes through an object with different densities, this causes it to bend or refract
   • Reflection is when something bounces off of something else, without absorbing it

3. Colour

   • White light is a mixture of many different colours, each with a different frequency
   • White light can be split into a spectrum of these colours using a prism or triangular block
   • Light is refracted when it enters the prism, with each colour being refracted a different amount
   • The seven colours of the spectrum are: