Presupposition

Presupposition

1. 5- Non- factive presupposition:

   • It is an assumption referred to something that is not true. For example, verbs like "dream "imagine“ and "pretend" are used with the presupposition that what follows is not true.
     • Ex:

2. 2- Factive presupposition:

   • Identified by the presence of some verbs such as "know“, "realize“, “be glad”, “be sorry”, “be proud” “be indifferent”, “be sad”, “regret” …etc.
     • Ex:

3. 3- Lexical presupposition:

   • * In using one word, the speaker can act as if another meaning will be understood. * "stop“, "again“ “still” “arrive”, “begin”, “enter”, “continue”, are taken to presuppose another unstated concept.
     • Ex:

4. 4- Structural presupposition:

   • * It is the assumption associated with the use of certain structures. * Wh-question constructions. *The listener perceives that the information presented is necessarily true, or intended as true by the speaker.
     • Ex:

5. 1- Existential presupposition:

   • *Proper Nouns-Noun Phrases-Possessive Construction
     • Ex:

6. 6- Counterfactual presupposition:

   • It is the assumption that what is presupposed is not only untrue, but is the opposite of what is true, or contrary to facts. A. Conditional Structures. B. An embedded clause after wish ⇒ a complete statement. C. A clause with a modal perfect verb form ⇒ a complete statement.
     • Ex: