General ethical guidelines

General ethical guidelines

1. ETHICAL GUIDELINES

   • Protect rights of research participants
   • Ethical manner
   • Follow guidelines - scientific, ethical, legal
   • Protocol review procedure

2. ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

   • Principle of best interest or well-being
     • Non-maleficence
     • Beneficence
   • Principle of respect for persons
     • Autonomy
     • Confidentiality
   • Principle of justice
     • Ethical obligation - fair

3. SOCIAL VALUE OF RESEARCH

   • Burden of disease
   • Cost-effectiveness of interventions
   • Availability of resources - intervention
   • Health needs - vulnerable groups
   • Needs - communities

4. DUTIES TO RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS

   • Acting in their best interest
   • Respect
   • Informed consent
   • Confidentiality
   • Impartiality + justice
   • Health research/Medical health care
   • Conflict of interest

5. DUTIES TO RESEARCH COLLEAGUES AND OTHER PROFESSIONALS

   • Best health care
   • No discrimination (race, culture, social status, ethnicity etc)
   • Comments about colleagues
   • Hindering

6. DUTIES TO RESEARCHERS THEMSELVES

   • Knowledge/Skills
     • Health research studies
     • Educational activities - enhance scientific and research ethics knowledge.
     • Limits - professional knowledge + competence
     • Ethical + regulatory frameworks
   • Equipment, hygiene + record keeping
     • Good working order
     • Be hygienic
     • Accurate/up to date records

7. DUTIES TO SOCIETY

   • Respect
   • Scientific misconduct
   • Access to scarce resources
   • Legal regulations

8. DUTIES TO ANIMALS

   • Care - respect welfare
   • Research - justifiable
   • Ethical/regulatory guidelines
   • Inanimate materials
   • Lower animal species
   • Min no. of animals
   • Minimize pain/suffering

9. DUTIES TO THE ENVIRONMENT

   • Protected
   • Exploitation of natural resources
   • Health care waste disposal

10. DATA AND SPECIMEN STORAGE

    • Securely stored
    • Stored for a minimum of 2 years after publication or 6 years - absence of publication
    • Justifiable reasons - specimens leaving country

11. DUTIES TO THE HEALTH CARE PROFESSION

    • Review process
      • Approval for research projects
      • Risks - disproportionate
      • Changes to research protocol
      • Accredited + registered
      • inadequate or inappropriate reviews
      • Terminate a study