Conditionals

Conditionals

1. Zero Conditional

   • If you heat ice, it melts.
   • Form
     • "When" can be used instead of "if" with no difference in meaning.
     • if clause
       • Present Simple
     • result clause
       • Present Simple
   • Use
     • general truths

2. First Conditional

   • I will phone you if I have time
   • Form
     • We can use "unless" instead of "if ... not"
     • We can use a modal verb instead of the future simple in the result clause.
     • We can use an imperative instead of the Future Simple in the result clause.
     • if clause
       • Present Simple
     • result clause
       • Future Simple
   • Use
     • future possibility / probability

3. Second Conditional

   • If I had enough money, I would travel around the world.
   • Form
     • We can use might and could instead of would in the result clause.
     • if clause
       • Past Simple
     • result clause
       • would + base form
   • Use
     • imaginary or hypothetical situations in the present

4. Third Conditional

   • If I had seen you, I would have said hello.
   • Form
     • We can use might have and could have instead of would have in the result clause.
     • if clause
       • Past Perfect Simple
     • result clause
       • would have + past participle
   • Use
     • unreal situations in the past