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1. Vocab

   • atomic emission structure: set of frequencies of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the atoms of an element
   • quantum: minimum amount of energy that can be lost or gain in n atom
   • electromagnetic radiaqtion: form of energy that exhibits wavelike behaivor as it travels through space
   • atomic orbital: 3-dimenasional region arounf the nucleus of an atom that describes an electrons probable location
   • wavelength: shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave
   • photon: particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries quantum energy
   • photoelectric effect: emission of electons from a metal surface when light of a certain frequency shines on it
   • principle quantum number: figure indicating the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbital
   • frequency: number of wave crest that pass a given point
   • amplitude: measures height of wave or depth of trough
   • valence energy: electrons in the atoms outermost orbitals
   • principal energy levels(PEL): specifices the atoms majore energy levels
     • energy subleveles
   • electromagnetic spectrum: more complete reprensitation of all light that comes from the sun

2. Formulas

   • Energy
     • energy relationship developed by Planks theory
     • E=hf or E=hv
     • h: 6.626 x 10^-34 J
   • frequency
     • relates to the wavelength, frequency, and speed of an electromagnetic wave
       • C=WL(v)
     • f= speed of light/ wavelength
       • speed of light: 3.0 x 10^8 m/s
   • 1m = 10^9 nm

3. Scientists

   • Hiensberg uncertainty princible: it is impossible to know both velocity and the position of a particle at the same time
   • Schrondinger: quantum mechanicle model of an atom
   • Aufbau Principle: each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital availble
   • Pauli Exclusion Princible: max of two electrons may occupied a single atomic orbital but only if the electrons have opposite spins
   • Hunds Rule: single electons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional elections with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals

4. Orbitals