Normative ethics

Normative ethics

1. also called prescriptive

   • seeks to establish norms or criteria to determine criteria to determine which behaviors, values, norms, institutions, etc. can be considered correct or just from a moral point of view.
     • consists of formulating moral judgments and finding a way to justify how to justify them.
     • can be considered morally right or just.
     • CHARACTERISTICS
       • IMPORTANCE
         • Oorient people's conduct toward the common good.
           • Promotes good living in society
             • RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER DISCIPLINES
               • No discipline can renounce the investigation of its theoretical foundations or the explanation of the meaning of its fundamental expressions.
               • to be continued in metaethics
                 • project concrete norms of more immediate application proper to applied ethics.
         • developing and defending some conception of the ideal person
           • promotes self-control in different areas
       • Normative ethics reflects on what is morally right and why.
         • Objectives towards moral facts, as the target of moral evaluations about property or action.
           • Optimization of interests or stakeholders (preference), utilitarian, happiness (eudaimonia), or welfare ethics
       • TYPES OF NORMATIVE ETHICS
         • Theories of Virtue
           • Deontological Theories
             • Consequentialist Theories
               • Specify and defend some thing or list of things that are good in themselves.
                 • The law of love is a deontological principle: it is a law
                 • Establishes formal or relational criteria such as fairness or equality.
             • an action is considered morally good because of some characteristic of the action itself,
               • not because the product of the action is good
           • Those actions that would be performed by a perfectly virtuous agent
             • seeks to explain3 the nature of a moral agent as a motivating force for ethical behavior.
             • performs well or appropriately
         • Utilitarianism
           • Contractarianism
             • Deontology
               • falls within the domain of moral theories that guide and assess our choices of what we ought to do
                 • the ability to use reason was what defined a person.
                 • there are two different kinds of ethical duties, perfect duties and imperfect duties.
             • refers to a type of moral or political theory that employs the idea of contract
               • The contract involved can be either actual or hypothetical depending on the particular contractarian theory
           • actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.
             • is that the prevention or elimination of suffering should take precedence over any alternative act that would only increase the happiness of someone already happy
             • is an effort to provide an answer to the practical question “What ought a person to do?”