Linguistic models

Linguistic models

1. • One of the four Second Language Acquisition (SLA) models

2. • They focus on the language being learned

3. • One of the four Second Language Acquisition (SLA) models.

4. • They focus on the language being learned

5. REPRESENTATIVES

   • Discourse theory (Hatch, 1978)
     • PRINCIPIES
       • SLA follows a natural route in syntactic development
       • Native speakers adjust their speech in order to negotiate meaning with non-native speakers
       • o The conversational strategies used to negotiate meaning, and the resulting adjusted input influence
   • The variable competence model (Ellis 1984; Tarone 1983; Widdowson 1979; Bialystok 1978)
     • The process of language is understood in terms of the distinction between the linguistic knowledge of rules (theoretical knowledge)
     • Product of language is said to comprise a continuum of discourse types ranging from entirely unplanned (spontaneous, lacks preparation) to entirely planned (carefully thought out).
     • Language users make the knowledge of linguistic rules work according to both the situational and the linguistic context
   • The universal hypothesis (Chomsky 1976, 1986)
     • Linguistic properties of the Target Language (TL)
       • The complexity of these language features is in its turn determined by their condition as universal
     • Universal Grammar
       • Linguistic universals can be used to predict which differences lead to difficulty and which ones do not