5163342
Description
Mind Map by Ganesh Ramkumar, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ganesh Ramkumar
over 9 years ago
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Polymers
- very large molecules having high molecular mass
- alias MACROMOLECULES
- formed by joining repeating structural units
- These rep. str. units are derived from simple & reactive molecules called MONOMERS
- linked to each other by COVALENT BONDS
- formation of polymers from resp. monomers is called POLYMERISATION
- formation of polymers from resp. monomers is called POLYMERISATION
- linked to each other by COVALENT BONDS
- These rep. str. units are derived from simple & reactive molecules called MONOMERS
- formed by joining repeating structural units
- CLASSIFICATION
- Source
- Natural
- Semi Synthetic
- Synthetic
- Natural
- Structure
- Linear
- Cross Linked alias Network
- Branched
- Linear
- Intermolecular Forces
- Elastomers
- weakest int. mol. forces
- thus stretchable
- have few "crosslinks" which help restore shape
- have few "crosslinks" which help restore shape
- thus stretchable
- weakest int. mol. forces
- Thermoplastics
- int. mol. forces b/w Elastomers, Fibres
- linear or slightly branched
- rept.ly softens on heating, hardens on cooling
- rept.ly softens on heating, hardens on cooling
- linear or slightly branched
- int. mol. forces b/w Elastomers, Fibres
- Fibres
- strong int. mol. forces like H bonding
- thus has close packing of chains
- thread forming solids
- with high tensile strength, modulus
- with high tensile strength, modulus
- hence impart crystalline nature
- thread forming solids
- thus has close packing of chains
- strong int. mol. forces like H bonding
- Thermosetting Polymers
- cross linked or heavily branched
- on heating undergoes EXTENSIVE CROSSLINKING in moulds
- thus become infusible
- can't be reused
- can't be reused
- thus become infusible
- on heating undergoes EXTENSIVE CROSSLINKING in moulds
- cross linked or heavily branched
- Elastomers
- Mode of Polymerisation
- Addition
- alias Chain Growth Polymerisation
- Free radical mechanism
- Chain Initiation
- a free radical from a catalyst initiates the process
- Catalysts: benzoyl or acetyl or tert - butyl peroxide
- Catalysts: benzoyl or acetyl or tert - butyl peroxide
- a free radical from a catalyst initiates the process
- Chain Propogation
- the radical grows bigger by reacting with unsaturated monomers
- the radical grows bigger by reacting with unsaturated monomers
- Chain Termination
- one big radical reacts with other to form a polymer
- can have different terminations
- one big radical reacts with other to form a polymer
- Chain Initiation
- Ionic
- Free radical mechanism
- formed by rept. add. of monomers having double / triple bonds
- like alkenes, alkadienes and their derivatives
- like alkenes, alkadienes and their derivatives
- Homopolymers
- formed from single monomeric species
- formed from single monomeric species
- Copolymers
- formed from two diff. monomer species
- formed from two diff. monomer species
- Important Polymers
- alias Chain Growth Polymerisation
- Condensation
- rep. condensation b/w two diff. bifunctional or trifunctional monomers
- elimination of small molecules like water, -OH, HCl takes place
- alias Step Growth Polymerisation
- product of each step is again bifunctional
- CLASSIFICATION
based on linkages
- amide
linkages
- es
- amide
linkages
- product of each step is again bifunctional
- rep. condensation b/w two diff. bifunctional or trifunctional monomers
- Addition
- Source
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