Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya, LEDC- Squatter Settlements

Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya, LEDC- Squatter Settlements

1. Rural Urban Migration

   • Pull
     • Jobs
     • Jobs, sevices
   • Push
     • Poor harvest
     • Lack of jobs
     • Lack of services

2. Problems

   • 800,000- 1 million people live in the shanty town- area of 255ha
   • High Density - 1m2 floor space each
   • over 100,000 children orphans as high HIV/AIDS
   • 60% of Nairobis habitats live in slums
   • Houses
     • Made from mud, plastered-over boards, wood or corrugated iron sheeting
     • Paths between houses are ditches, filled with sewage often
     • Rubbish not collected
   • Crime
     • Groups offer security at a price
     • Police reluctant to enter
   • Water
     • Standpipe may supply water for up to 40 families.
     • Private operators run pipes into areas and may charge double

3. Solutions

   • Self-help service
     • Formal way of helping squatter settlements
     • Land is chosen for scheme & infrastruture is laid in advance ---> provide water, sanitation and electricity is supplied properly.
     • People build homes using affordable materials
     • Land is divided into individual plots.
   • Site and service
     • Local athorities help squatter settlements residents to improve homes.
       • Offer finace in form of loans/grants & often installing water, sanitation, etc... ---> lead to skills, then jobs

4. Improving conditions

   • WIDES
     • Help dispose of waste
     • Trying to improve sewage systems
     • Providing toilets and public baths.
   • Kenya Water for Health organisation
     • Provides piped water for people living in squatter settlements.
     • Clean water & how to disinfect it with Ultra Violet

5. Help

   • Practical Action (British charity)
     • Responsible for developing low cost roofing from sand & clay
     • Adding lime and natural fibre to soil to create blocks used for building ---> cheaper then concrete
   • The United Nations Human Settlement Programme
     • Affordable electricity (300 kenyan shillings per shack)
     • Up too 2 main water pipes
     • Improve sanitation
   • Government
     • Re-house thousands of residents ---> new blocks of flats- running water, electricity.
     • Residents involved with plans of funding of 650 million kenyan shillings - not work.
     • Built housing for 600 people.
     • --> Help break out the poverty cycle as houses become cleaner.