Geography case studies: Unit 1

Geography case studies: Unit 1

1. Climate change

   • Iceland
     • wheat growth possible
     • glaciers will melt by 2200
     • fish population could be effected by currents
   • Malawi
     • desertification
     • cotton production will increase
     • 5 billion could suffer from water stress by 2025
   • reducing carbon output
     • government
       • international agreement, the Kyoto protocol
       • invest in renewable energy
       • reduce public transport cost
     • individual
       • recycle waste
       • use public transport
       • double glazed windows

2. Living in an active zone

   • Sichuan earthquake
     • 80% of houses destroyed
     • Rice crop destroyed
     • 87,000 people dead
     • liquefaction
     • landslide blocked river, "quake lake"
   • Grimsvotn eruption
     • Ash cloud
     • Jokulhaup, flood cause by melted water from sub-glacial lake
     • dangerous gases
     • pyrocalstic flow
     • sub-glacial lake, ice melts due to heat and flows into the caldera (a crater)
   • monitoring, preparing and response
     • volcano, soufriere hills volcano
       • diffusion tubes
       • siemograph
       • topograph grapgh, measures amount of magma
     • Shake out
       • education in california about earthquake
       • drills
     • buildings in japan are built to withstand earthquakes
     • sichuan responses
       • temporary camps set up
       • food and shelter sent in
       • search and rescue teams and army
       • medical supplies
   • yellowstone super volcano
     • large earthquakes before the eruption
     • crops destroyed
     • ash would block out the sun
     • global temperatures would drop up to 10 degrees

3. Water and rivers

   • Boscastle: river management
     • soft engineering
       • afforstation
       • washlands
     • hard engineering
       • embankments
       • flood walls
   • Gulfoss waterfall
     • tourism
       • litter
       • foot path erosion
     • processes
       • hydraulic action
       • abrasion
     • features
       • gorge
       • plunge pool
       • over hang
   • meanders

4. Development

5. Globalisation

   • Coca cola in india
     • sold waste as fertiliser which was toxic
     • drained water supply to make product causing water stress
     • provided people with jobs and money
     • created consumer market and development
   • Nokia
     • cheap labour in dominican republic
     • expanded to china due to increased consumer marke
     • interdependence
   • Tata
     • indian owned MNC
       • important source of income for india
     • Tata nano is affordable and cheap for families
     • increases emissions
     • more conjestion
   • brain drain
     • migrants take local jobs forcing many to be unemployed
     • boosts work force and economy
     • migrants send money or remitenses back to family

6. Populaton

   • migration
     • counter-urbanisation
       • pull
         • quite due to less traffic
         • friendlier
         • scenery and wildlife
         • safer due to less crime
       • push
         • cities and towns are busy and over crowded
         • pollution
         • high crime rate
     • Rural-urban: Limpopo to guateng
       • push
         • no electricity
         • lack of money
         • seasonal wet and dry climate
         • 60% of people live below the poverty line
         • low quality of life
       • pull
         • better jobs and pay
         • better quality of life
         • average income is 7X greater
     • seasonal migration
   • india
   • malawi