perception - created from Mind Map

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our sensory experience of the world

fundamental concepts

direct perception

embodied cognition

senses

vision

auditory information

touch

brodmann areas

combined sensory perceptions

sensation

the processes by which physical properties are converted to neural signals

inverse problem

processing

likelihood principle

our brain loses a bit of information in the perception (bc 2D) and our brain has to make up for that when inverting the image to 3D image

bottom-up processing

top-down processing

data-driven, sensory input

initiates with thoughts

the likelihood that something will occur is important for the perceptual processing of that object/event

bottom-up --> objects and their function recognised

three levels

1. computational theory

2. choice of representation

3. achieving the computations

perception focusses on what the purpose of computation is + why it does what it does

bottom-up

transformation between input and output

top-down

how perception actually takes place

theory that many features of cognition are shaped by the entire body of the organism

you have to physically engage with something to fully understand it?

somatoperception

proprioception

vestibular sensation

the perception of touch

sense of how our limbs are positioned in space

sense of balance + orientation

eyes

pathways from occipital cortex

feature detectors

cones

rods

encode colour + spatial form

encode motion + low-resolution form

image on fovea

optic nerve

thalamus

blind spot

visual/occipital cortex

brain fills in this information by itself

ventral stream

dorsal stream

through TEMPORAL lobe

'what-pathway'

through PARIETAL cortex

'where-pathway'

neurons that fire when seeing a certain feature

cochlea

problems

nervous tissue: basilar membrane

hair cells move in response to sound pressure

neural signal to primary auditory cortex

loudness determined by firing rate of neurons

aphasia

amusia

phonagnosia

inability to use either verbal or written language

inability to hear differences in tones

inability to recognise familiar sounds

can't recognise identity from voices

somatosensory cortex

areas of the cortex, based on cytoarchitectonic differences

cell size, packing density, lamination

McGurk effect

modality appropriate hypothesis

feature analysis

the combination of sensory info can lead to a perception that is different from that produced by individual sources

there is a particular sensory modality (sense) that is most fitting for each physical property of the environment

the sense that is most useful in a task dominates

we recognise objects because the components are included in our internal library