attention - created from Mind Map

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two types of attention

attention system

cocktail party problem

filter theories

resource theory of attention

1. individual sees a stimulus

normalisation model of attention

feature integration theory

failures of attention

internal attention

external attention

regulating our internal mental life

thoughts, desires, motivations, rules, responses, working memory

selecting and controlling incoming sensory information

1. alerting

2. orienting

3. executive function

norepinephrine

brain stem + frontal cortex

external attention

acetylcholine

frontal + parietal cortex

supervision of attention, decides where attention should go

internal attention

dopamine

medial frontal + parietal cortex

focusing on one speaker in a background of noise

theory of EARLY selection

theory of LATE selection

theory of attenuation

workload theory of attention

briefly maintains info, only relevant goes to STM

all sensory info is identified, only attended info gets stored for further processing

everything processed before getting filtered out

intensity of irrelevant info is DIMINISHED, not eliminated

only relevant info goes to working memory

the amount of processing of unattended stimuli depends on how difficult processing the ATTENDED target is

if the workload is low, the selection is late

spotlight

zoom lens theory

dual-task paradigm

the size of the spotlight depends on the size of the object

two tasks are measured both independently and dependently

model of Wickens

our ability to do multiple tasks simultaneously depends on how far apart they are on the relevant dimensions

2. feedforward sweep

how incoming sensory info travels across the brain

3. area activated

4. area interacts with both higher and lower brain areas

5. recurrent processing

processing within a network

attention increases the neural response to a stimulus in the visual cortex

stimulus drive

suppressive drive

population response

the presented image

decreasing impact of a part of the image

what the individual sees

recognition of a target is modelled to be determined by two processes:

preattentive visual processes

binding problem

simultaneously analyse the entire scene and detect presence unique features

the use of attention to bind the different features together in order to recognise the object

attentional blink

inhibition of return

change blindness

inattentional blindness

when looking at rapid moving sequence and trying to detect two things that are close to each other, the second thing is not detected

location suffers from delayed responding to events after attention has moved away

substantial differences between two nearly identical things aren't noticed when presented sequentially

failure to notice a clearly visible target due to attention being diverted from the target