Classical v Operant

Page 1

dog barks at front door every time doorbell rings so you squirt with water

CLASSICAL: conditioned fear with squirt bottle

OPERANT: does not bark in fear of water

Classical

- involuntary

- stim and response (invol)

OPERANT

- voluntary

- behavior (punishment and reinforcement)

Page 2

ELThorndike "law of effect" 1898

puzzle box - cats in box, get out faster with more trials

if an action brings a reward, action is stamped into the mind

behavior changes because of its consequences

Skinner's box - operant conditioning

give food to pigeon when he turns

give food to pigeon during ping pong when other player misses

Page 3

Positive Punishment PP

Negative Punishment NP

Positive Reinforcement PR

Negative Reinforcement NR

Punishment

- consequence decreases the likelihood of the behavior

"i am never doing that again"

positive - adding bad stimulus - spanking, bitter taste on nails

negative - remove rewarding stimulus - remove allowance, remove recess, take cell phone

Reinforcement

- consequence that increases likelihood of behavior

positive - adding good stimulus - chocolate for answer, get a paycheck, stickers on paper, extended recess

negative - subtract bad stimulus - take aspirin to get rid of headache, not force you to do dishes,

Page 4

Analyzing operant conditioning

1. identify behavior that was changed

2. is the behavior likely to occur again?

yes - reinforcement

no - punishment

3. identify consequence that followed behavior

4. was consequence added or removed?

added - positive

removed - negative