Baron's AP Chemistry 2013

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Important Concepts

Atomic Theory

Models of the Atom

Structure of the Atom

Protons, Neutrons, Electrons

Isotopes

Atomic Spectra

Wave Mechanical Atom

Energy Levels

Electronic Signature

Electron Configurations

Valence Electrons

Hund's Rule

Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle

Orbital Diagrams

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Quantum Numbers

Wave Mechanical Atom Model

Louis de Broglie suggested that electrons could behave as a wave AND a particle

Energy of light as a wave

The Equation above and Einstien's famous E=mc^2, are equal.

Important Variables

Quantum Numbers

Necessary for determining the motion of an electron as a WAVE using complex "Wave Equations".

principle quantum number = n the azimuthal quantum number = ℓ and the magnetic quantum number = m

A fourth Quantum Number may be needed to specify an electron completely and uniquely, the Spin Quantum Number = s

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

((Delta)x)((Delta)mv)=h/4(pi)

The concept of this equations states that it is impossible to know the momentum and position of an electron at the same time only one can be known per moment.

Pauli Exclusion Principle

No two electrons in an atom have the same 4 quantum numbers.

Important for filling electron orbitals properly

Terms