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Describe the conclusions you drew from your geographical investigation. To what extent did they support the geographical ideas, theories, and concepts being investigated? East Head

Describe the conclusions you drew from your geographical investigation. To what extent did they support the geographical ideas, theories, and concepts being investigated? East Head To what extent do the sand dunes at East Head, Chichester reflect the psammosere model?

We concluded → summarise conclusion in one sentence. → We concluded that the underlying processes suggested in the model did appear to be present on the spit at East Head.

We found the underlying process → We found that the two hypotheses

Percentage vegetation will increase with increasing distance from the Mean High Water Spring (MHWS)

Number of species will increase with increasing distance from the MHWS

Both showed stat. sig. positive correlations.

+0.68 for % veg against distance from MHWS with 18 points (degrees of freedom = 16) 99% confidence level of a statistically significant correlation.

+0.73 for number of species (per .25m2 against distance from MHWS with 18 points/degrees of freedom=16 so 99% confidence of a statistically significant correlation.

This showed → summarise what evidence shows → the trends suggested in the model such as pioneer species at the start of the transect were the result of the hostile environment for plants just above the high tide mark. Then, inland, gradually humus develops in the soil and the dunes provide shelter, the pH of the soil falls to an acidity conducive to plant growth and the moisture content increases (less salt water) which makes it easier for plants to grow.

However → there are other factors that meant it did not perfectly reflect the model. → The third hypothesis about the dunes increasing in height proved not to be the case. The dune profile did not really match the model. This is shown in the diagram below.

This is shown in the diagram.

Diagram +

It is very clear that → What the diagram shows us → The dunes do not have a series of ridges, embryo dunes, mobile dunes, semi-fixed dunes, and fixed dunes increasing in height with distance from MHWS.

We have researched our results to explain why the dunes do not match the model.

The diagram above gives 2 parts of the explanation.

(outline factors which influence results)

A storm in 2004 wiped out the seaward edge of the dunes removing the embryo and mobile dunes b/c storm hit with a spring high tide. Over ensuing 10 years mobile dunes starting to form again but first major ridge is larger than expected- steep initial profile

Secondly there was clear evidence of trampling and resulting blow-outs had clearly caused damage to the dunes.

The third major explanation of why the dunes did not fully reflect the model may lie in their relatively young age and their instability. Historical maps show that East Head spit has constantly been on the move and has possibly only stood where it is now for the past 50 years.

This is why we have concluded that the dunes have not had time to develop as suggested in the model.

Sketch map +

Conclusions as summarised on sketch map

For these reasons we can conclude that: → conclusion of conclusion → For these reasons we can conclude that while the processes identified in the psammosere model do appear to be at work on East Head, the landforms suggested by the data are not as developed as expected based on the psammosere model.

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Dorchester We concluded → summarise conclusion in one sentence. → The change in landuse does seem to show a trend that reflects the bid rent curve and the underlying ideas of the burgess concentric ring model, but these trends are influenced by many other more complex factors that ensure that in reality no clear pattern is evident.

We found the underlying process → The underlying process of the bid rent curve and burgess concentric ring model, which is based on the assumption that land value decreases with decreasing distance from the Peak Land Value Intersection (PLVI), resulting in changing landuse and environmental quality, but in reality there is no clear pattern evident.

However → there are other factors that meant it did not perfectly reflect the model. → These other factors include the physical factors of relief and drainage to the River Frome, as well as relatively recent changes in the urban geography. This includes industry migrating to outer areas of the city, the regeneration of old inner city industrial areas, gentrification, and the development of public and private housing in clusters as land becomes available.

This is shown in the diagram.

Diagram +

It is very clear that → What the diagram shows us → On the ground/in practive the landuse of Dorchester forms an urban mosaic where landuses cluster together but in a pattern too complex to simplify in one model.

(outline factors which influence results)

Sketch map +

Conclusions as summarised on sketch map

For these reasons we can conclude that: → conclusion of conclusion →

The change in landuse does seem to show a trend that reflects the bid rent curve and the underlying ideas of the burgess concentric ring model, but these trends are influenced by many other more complex factors that ensure that in reality no clear pattern is evident. The underlying process of the bid rent curve and burgess concentric ring model, which is based on the assumption that land value decreases with decreasing distance from the Peak Land Value Intersection (PLVI), resulting in changing landuse and environmental quality, but in reality there is no clear pattern evident. These other factors include the physical factors of relief and drainage to the River Frome, as well as relatively recent changes in the urban geography. This includes industry migrating to outer areas of the city, the regeneration of old inner city industrial areas, gentrification, and the development of public and private housing in clusters as land becomes available. On the ground/in practive the landuse of Dorchester forms an urban mosaic where landuses cluster together but in a pattern too complex to simplify in one model.