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Flashcards

(As) Chemistry: Electrons, Bonding And Structure OCR

Deleted user User has deleted their subject information English 50 cards

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  1. 1PlasmaA mixture of positive and negative electrons.
  2. 2First ionisation energy (1st I.E)Is the energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous 1+ ions.
  3. 3What is the first ionisation energy of Sodium?Na(g) ----> Na+(g) + e-
  4. 4Factors affecting ionisation energy:*Atomic Radius
    *Nuclear Charge
    *Electron shielding
  5. 5The greater the atomic radius...The smaller the nuclear attraction experienced by outer electrons.
  6. 6The greater the nuclear charge...The greater the attractive force on the outer electrons.
  7. 7Electronic ShieldingIs the repulsion between electrons in different inner shells. Shielding reduces the net attractive force from the positive nucleus on the outer-shell electrons.
  8. 8The more inner shells...*The larger the electronic shielding
    *The smaller the nuclear attraction experienced by outer electrons.
  9. 9Successive ionisation energiesAre a measure of the energy required to remove each electron in turn.
  10. 10Second ionisation energyIs the energy required to remove one electron from each ion in one mole of gaseous 1+ ions to form one mole of gaseous 2+ ions.
  11. 11What is the second ionisation energy of Lithium?Li+(g) --> Li2+(g) + e-
  12. 12Evidence for shellsSuccessive ionisation energies.
  13. 13ShellIs a group of atomic orbitals with the same principal quantum number, n.
  14. 14Principle quantum number (n)Is a number representing the relative overall energy of each orbital, which increases with distance from the nucleus.
  15. 15Atomic orbitalIs a region within an atom that can hold up to two electrons, with opposite spins.
  16. 16What's the formula for how many electrons each shell holds?2n squared
  17. 17How many electrons in shell.. *1 *2 *3 *4Shell 1 has 2 electrons.
    Shell 2 has 8 electrons.
    Shell 3 has 18 electrons.
    Shell 4 has 32 electrons.
  18. 18What shape is a s-orbital?Spherical shape.
  19. 19What shape is a p-orbital?Dumb-bell shape.
  20. 20How many s-orbitals in one shell?One s-orbital per shell.
  21. 21How many p-orbitals in one shell?Three p-orbitals per shell.
  22. 22How many d-orbitals in one shell?Five d-orbitals per shell.
  23. 23How many f-orbitals in one shell?Seven f-orbitals per shell.
  24. 24Sub-shellIs a group of the same type of atomic orbitals (s,p,d or f) within a shell.
  25. 25What is the order of sub-shells by energy level from smallest to largest?1s,2s,2p,3s,3p,4s,3d,4p,4d,4f
  26. 26Electron configurationThe arrangement of electrons in an atom.
  27. 27What is the Aufbau principle?*Electrons are added, one at a time, to 'build up' the atom.
    *The lowest available energy level is filled first.
    *Each energy level must be full before the next higher energy level.
    *Each orbital is filled singly before pairing starts.
  28. 28What is the electron configuration of Oxygen?1s(2),2s(2), 2p(4).
  29. 29When positive ions are formed, electrons are...removed from the highest energy orbital.
  30. 30When negative ions are formed, electrons are...Added to the highest energy orbital.
  31. 31What group in the periodic table have elements that are naturally single unbonded atoms?Group 0 (The noble gases)
  32. 32Octet RuleThe tendency for atoms to combine to acquire a noble gas configuration. (8 electrons in their outer shell)
  33. 33CompoundIs a substance formed from two or more chemically bonded elements in a fixed ratio, usually shown by a chemical formula.
  34. 34What compounds do ionic bonds occur in?Metal and non metal compounds. (Electrons are transferred from the metal atom to the non-metal)
  35. 35What compounds do covalent bonds occur in?Two non metals. (electrons are shared between the atoms)
  36. 36Where do metallic bonds occur?In metals. (electrons shared between all atoms)
  37. 37What is Krypton used in?Lasers for eye surgery.
  38. 38What is Argon used in?Filament light bulbs.
  39. 39What is Helium used in?Airships.
  40. 40What is Neon used in?Advertising signs.
  41. 41What is Xenon used in?Car headlights.
  42. 42Ionic bondIs the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
  43. 43Giant ionic latticeIs a three-dimensional structure of oppositely charged ions, held together by strong ionic bonds. Eg. NaCl.
  44. 44A groupIs a vertical column in the Periodic Table. Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties and their atoms have the same number of outer-shell electrons.
  45. 45What is the overall charge of an ionic compound?Zero.
  46. 46What are the charges of: *NO3 *CO3 *SO4 *NH4*(NO3)-
    *(CO3)2-
    *(SO4)2-
    *(NH4)+
  47. 47Covalent bondIs a bond formed by a shared pair of electrons.
  48. 48How many covalent bonds do the following atoms of these elements form? C,N,O,HC: 4 covalent bonds
    N: 3 covalent bonds
    O: 2 covalent bonds
    H: 1 covalent bond
  49. 49Lone pairIs an outer-shell pair of electrons that is not involved in chemical bonding.
  50. 50The sharing of two pairs of electrons forms...A double bond. eg. O=O

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User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on (As) Chemistry: Electrons, Bonding And Structure OCR, created by Deleted user on 30/11/2016.
Created by
Deleted user · Nov 2016
Updated
Dec 1, 2016
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  • Created by Hannah Goodenough · Nov 7, 2014
  • Copied by Tariq hudda · Nov 30, 2016
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