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Flashcards

Cardiac trauma

Deleted user User has deleted their subject information English 38 cards

Cards in this deck (38)

  1. 1What are 3 types of trauma?Non-penetrating/blunt, penetrating, latrogenic
  2. 2What are 2 life threatening consequences of trauma?Excessive hemorrhage or blood loss, cardiac tamponade.
  3. 3Accounts for 25% of all traumatic deaths annually in the US?Non-penetrating/blunt chest trauma
  4. 4Direct sternal compression on the heart.Non-penetrating/ blunt chest trauma
  5. 5What non-penetrating/ blunt chest trauma cause?Increase in intrathoracic pressures from trauma to the chest or abdomen. (Swelling)
  6. 6RWMARegional wall motion abnormalities
  7. 7What are the echo findings for blunt trauma?Increased wall thickness at end diastole due to swelling RWMA, increased echogenicity, chamber enlargement, mural thrombus, pericardial effusion
  8. 8This can cause complications Similar to MI, RV is the most susceptible, ventricular aneurysm/ pseudo and arrhythmiaCardiac contusion (bruised myocardium)
  9. 9What are the complications of blunt trauma?Pericardial effusion, tamponade, constrictive pericarditis, cardiac contusion
  10. 10What is the most common complication of blunt trauma?Pericardial effusion
  11. 11What is a long term complication of blunt trauma?Constrictive pericarditis
  12. 12These rarely occur (9%), and the left side valves most often affected due to increased pressures.Valvular injuries (blunt trauma)
  13. 13This valve is vulnerable in early diastole and may cause the valve to rupture.Aortic valve
  14. 14What would you find valve injuries to the aortic valve?AI, diastolic aortic flutter, posterior motion of the affected cusp, and wide excursion of the valve.
  15. 15This valve is vulnerable in diastole causing injury to the chordae or papillary muscleMitral valve
  16. 16What would you find in trauma to the mitral valve?Acute MR, flail leaflets, obstruction of MV orifice
  17. 17This valve injury is associated with rupture of the RV free wall.Tricuspid valve
  18. 18What would you find with a tricuspid valve injury?TR, flail leaflet, ruptured chordae or papillary muscle
  19. 19What's the only solution for great vessel injury?Emergency surgical repair
  20. 20With a great vessel injury what will you see?X-ray shows widening of mediastinum due to broken sternum
  21. 21These are hemodynamically unstable, and most often present with lacerated aorta, lacerated PAGreat vessel injury blunt trauma
  22. 22Are great vessel injury fatal?Yes, usually within one hour
  23. 23Trauma to the heart due to knives, bullets, projectilesPenetrating injury
  24. 24What is most effected with penetrating injury?RV is most often affected and often pts die due to tamponade
  25. 25List in order what structures are affected with penetrating injury?RV, LV, RA, LA
  26. 26What are some echo findings for penetrating trauma?Postoperative echo for presence of residual injury, PE, abnormal wall motion, chamber enlargement, foreign fragments
  27. 27This is a hole in the artery and vein that due to pressure force together, and have to be surgically separated.AV fistula
  28. 28When doing an echo what do we use Doppler when evaluating a penetrating trauma?Shunts, valvular lesions, AV fistula
  29. 29Injury due to diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.Latrogenic injury
  30. 30During heart catheterization, what type of injuries can you acquire?Perforated coronary artery, aortic dissection, perforations of chambers, injury to valves, fractured catheter pieces, ruptured sinus of Valsalva
  31. 31What are 4 different types of latrogenic injuries?Heart catheter, balloon valvuloplasty, pericardiocentesis, cardiac pacemakers
  32. 32This procedure causes man made arterial septal defects, and the rupture of chordae tendinae?Balloon valvuloplasty
  33. 33This procedure can result in a Punctured myocardium.Pericardiocentesis
  34. 34This procedure can cause perforation of atriums/ ventricles/ septums, pericardial effusion/ tamponade.Cardiac pacemakers
  35. 35During this procedure there is an increased risk of RV perforation.Myocardial biopsy
  36. 36What is the most common problem after cardiac surgery?PE/ tamponade
  37. 37This procedure can cause PE, adhesions, extra cardinal blood clots, compression of RV, pseudo aneurysmsCardiac surgery
  38. 38This procedure can cause a laceration of the heart, rupture of the heart, RV papillary muscle rupture or dysfunction, and a laceration or rupture of the great vesselsCPR

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Description
User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on Cardiac trauma, created by Deleted user on 05/04/2017.
Created by
Deleted user · Apr 2017
Updated
Apr 5, 2017
Views
15
Tags
echo
History
  • Created by ecmarchese · Feb 6, 2014
  • Copied by Megan Geib · Apr 5, 2017
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