Quiz
UNIT 2
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Questions in this quiz (25)
1
Which of these layers of the Sun is the coolest?- ACorona
- BPhotosphere
- CTransition zone
- DChromosphere
- EConvection zone
2A sudden, violent disruption (usually found near a sunspot) that releases an enormous amount of energy in almost all wavelengths in a very short amount of time is called a solar
- Aprominence
- Baurora
- Cfacula
- Dfilament
- Eflare
3
From Earth, we can observe individual sunspots moving across the face of the Sun as the Sun rotates. Because the Sun is large, the time it takes for them to move from the eastern edge of the Sun's disk over the western edge, from our viewpoint, is about- Atwo weeks.
- B2 months.
- C5.5 years.
- D1 week.
- Ea month.
4
From the outside moving in towards the centre of the Sun, which sequence of layers is in the correct order for the structure of the Sun?- Acorona, radiative zone, photosphere, core
- Bphotosphere, chromosphere, radiative zone, core
- Cchromosphere, radiative zone, convective zone, core
- Dtransition zone, photosphere, chromosphere, radiative zone
- Echromosphere, convective zone, radiative zone, core
5
The Sun goes through a regular cycle of activity on its surface due to changes in its complex magnetic field. This cycle can be tracked by watching for changes in the number of sunspots that appear on its photosphere. The activity is at a maximum when the sunspot number is at its highest. On average, how long does the cycle last before it repeats itself?- Aabout 76 years
- Bbetween 25 and 35 days
- C365.25 days
- Dabout 11 years
- Eabout seven years
6 Stellar spectra tell us that ________ is the second most abundant element in the Sun.
- Airon
- Bhydrogen
- Coxygen
- Dhelium
- Ecarbon
7
As a direct result of the nuclear reaction process in the central core of the Sun, the only EM radiation released into the outer portions of the core and the radiative layer immediately surrounding it is- AX-rays
- BUV rays
- Cvisible light
- Dgamma rays
- Einfrared rays
8
The Sun's photosphere layer is composed of convecting bubbles of charged gas particles.- ATrue
- BFalse
9
Because of the tremendous pressure/density present in the Sun's radiative zone, photons of light trying to leave the core of the Sun take about __________________________ to travel through the radiative zone to the next outer solar layer.- A12,000 years
- B8 months
- C12 weeks
- D200,000 years
- E600 years
10
In the nuclear fusion process, two protons (from hydrogen atoms) can only fuse in a region where the minimum temperature is greater than about ___________________.- A200 million K.
- B15 million K
- C1,500,000 K.
- D12 million K.
- E100 million K.
11
The final step in transporting energy to the surface of the Sun is via convection.- ATrue
- BFalse
12
Helioseismology has allowed scientists to develop a fairly sophisticated model of the internal structure of the Sun. This was possible through the study of ________________________ which astronomers began in the 1960's.- Achanges in solar x-ray flares
- Bcoronal mass ejections
- Cmagnetic field line reconnection events
- Dvariations in the solar flux - the overall solar energy output
doppler-shifted absorption lines in the solar spectrum - Edoppler-shifted absorption lines in the solar spectrum
13
The constantly changing markings on the surface of the Sun which are actually the tops of hot convective cells rising in the photosphere are known as...- Agranules
- Bflares
- Cfaculae
- Dspicules
14
What causes the cycle of solar activity?- AChanges in magnetic fields due to rotation and upwellings from deep in the solar interior by way of conveyor belts.
- BCyclical changes in the Sun's fusion rate due to sinking and mixing of heavier elements from outer core material.
- CThe gravitational collapse of helium atoms towards the core.
- DThe cyclical build up and release of energy created through the radioactive decay of hydrogen isotopes in the region surrounding the core.
- EA cyclical build up and oxidation of carbon in the core.
15
The charged particles blasting out of the Sun's atmosphere and traveling in the solar wind travel at almost 300,000 km/s.- ATrue
- BFalse
16
Sunspots contain 2 zones - a cooler central umbra and a warmer outer penumbra.- ATrue
- BFalse
17 The strongest magnetic fields in the photosphere lie near
- Aprominences
- Bflares
- Csunspots.
- Dauroras
- Egranules
18
The Sun sheds about _____________________ tonnes of particles each second in a continuous flow out of its outer atmosphere (known as the "solar wind").- A1,000
- B5 million
- C20,000
- D1 million
- E400,000
19 Which is the net result of the proton-proton chain?
- A4 protons → 2 helium 2 + 2 positrons + ultraviolet radiation
- B6 protons → 2 helium 4 + 3 positrons + 3 neutrinos + gamma rays
- C4 protons → 1 helium 4 + a positron + a neutrino + gamma rays
- DCorrect 4 protons → 1 helium 4 + 2 neutrinos + gamma rays
20While the photosphere produces chiefly visible light, most coronal energy is in the form of
- Aradio waves
- BX-rays.
- Cgamma rays.
- Dinfrared radiation.
- Eultraviolet light.
21
Who was the first scientist (1887) to notice that the sun's regular activity/sunspot cycle goes through occasional slumps, where for a number of years, there are significantly lower numbers of sunspots than normal - even in years of supposed maximum activity?- AE.W. Maunder
- BGustav Sporer
- CAlexander Friedmann
- DVesto Slipher
- EJoseph von Fraunhofer
22 Astronomers estimate that every second the sun produces an amount of energy equivalent to the explosion of about....
- A100 billion 1-megaton nuclear bombs
- B500 million 1-megaton nuclear bombs
- C250 million 1-megaton nuclear bombs
- D400 billion 1-megaton nuclear bombs
23
How often does the Sun's entire magnetic field flip in its orientation?- Aabout once every 18 months
- Bonce every 176 years
- Conce a month
- Donce every 22 years
- Eonce every 11 years
24
In the 1970s, astronomers discovered that many of the expected neutrinos supposedly emitted by the Sun were not being detected. A theory evolved that they were oscillating between three states as they travelled away from the Sun. What are the three states that a neutrino can take?- Amuon, gluon, and electron
- Bgluon, sigma, and tau
- Ctau, electron, gluon
- Delectron, tau, and muon
- Etau, sigma and muon
25
In order to produce the 4 x 1026 watts of energy that it radiates, the Sun, through nuclear fusion, must convert _______________________ tonnes of hydrogen into helium each second.- A20 million
- B600 million
- C1.88 million
- D1.2 billion
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- Quiz on UNIT 2 , created by maisy r on 06/02/2019.
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- maisy r
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